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ISSN 2096-7446 CN 10-1655/R
Responsible Institution:China Association for Science and Technology
Sponsor:Chinese Nursing Association

Table of Content

    10 March 2020, Volume 1 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
    Attaching importance to the application of ECMO in patients with severe poisoning
    QIAO LI, ZHANG Jinsong
    2020, 1 (2):  101-103. 
    Abstract ( 349 )   PDF (554KB) ( 351 )   Save
    With the development of ECMO technology,successful treatment of fatal poi-soning has been reported all over the world.Most of these reports are case studies,case series studies or retrospective case studies. Therefore,the relevant literature was summarized to suggest that the clinical application of this technique in severe poisoning should be emphasized and strengthened. We should develop more research in this field.
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    The comparison of different flows in oxygen-driven nebulization for severe craniocerebral injury patients with tracheotomy
    ZHANG Tingting, CHENG Jingjuan, SUI Jian, ZHAO Wei, LU Xiaoliang, ZHOU Luqin
    2020, 1 (2):  104-107. 
    Abstract ( 404 )   PDF (577KB) ( 575 )   Save
    Objective:To investigate the effects of low flow oxygen-driven nebulization on end-expiratory impedance and vital signs in patients with severe craniocerebral injury after tracheotomy. Methods:We recruited 47 patients with severe craniocerebral injury who underwent tracheotomy and were not mechanically ventilated in our hospital from January 2019 to September 2019. 23 patients from January to April 2019 were the control group and were given oxygen driven nebulization with high flow rate of 6-8 L/min. 24 patients from May to September 2019were the experimental group and were given nebulization with low flow rate of 4-6 L/min. Electrical impedance imaging was used to monitor the changes of end-expiratory lung impedance during the process of nebulization and record the changes of heart rate,percutaneous oxygen saturation and mean arterial blood pressure before and after nebulization in the two groups. The sputum viscosity before and after nebulization were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences in oxygen saturation and mean arterial blood pressure between the two groups (P>0.05). The change of heart rate before and after nebulization was less in the lower oxygen flow group than the higher flow group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The sputum viscosity of the lower flow group decreased more than the higher flow group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).End-expiratory lung impedance at 10 minutes of nebulization and 15 minutes after nebulization increased in the lower flow group and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Low oxygen flow rate(4-6L/min)can be used for oxygen-driven nebulization in patients with severe craniocerebral injury after tracheotomy.
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    The comparison of two score system for the prediction of adverse events in patients with acute coronary syndrome
    XIANG Linjun, XIAO Tao, WANG Sha, ZHANG Xiao hong, GUO Meiying, WANG Xiaolin, ZHANG Yuejuan
    2020, 1 (2):  108-112. 
    Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (815KB) ( 112 )   Save

    Abstract ObjectiveTocompare global registry of acute coronary events(GRACE) score and five factors (history&ECG&age&risks&troponin,HEART) score for predicting adverse  events  in patients  with  acute  coronary syndrome(ACS). Methods:A total of 395  patients with ACS were collected from July 2016 to June 2017 for a retrospective  study.  All  were  examined  with  coronary  angiography  within 12 hours of disease onset.  We recorded patient's general information and laboratory tests. The  GEACE and  HEART score were both used for risk assess-ment and then risk stratification was calculated. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were followed up by telephone within 30 days and 90 days of the onset.Compare the two  score  system in the prediction of  risks in patients with  ACS. Results The receiver operating curve  (ROC)  analysis  showed that the  area under the  curve (AUC) of GRACE and HEART score for predicting the 30 days risk of MACE were 0.738 and 0.736 respectively. For predicting the 90 days risk of MACE,AUC of GRACE and HEART score were 0.669 and 0.683  respectively. Conclusion:The  GRACE  and  HEART  score  are  consistent  in  identifying  disease  risk  within 30 daysof  acutecoronary  syndrome onset. The HEART score is better than GRACE in predicting high risk and low risk  patients within 90 days of the onset.

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    The nursing management strategies of general hospital for the sudden outbreak of COVID-19
    JIN Jingfen, SONG Jianping, ZHAO Ruiyi, XU Shuangyan, FENG Xiuqin, YANG Yan, ZHANG Yuping
    2020, 1 (2):  113-117. 
    Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (1028KB) ( 256 )   Save
    In order to fight against the  sudden outbreak  of  COVID-19,  the  nursing department of  our hospitalquickly established and operated a nursing management organizational structure,  prepared various units for the di-agnosis and treatment of patients with  COVID19,conducted effective human resource deployment and  comprehen-sive staff training,  implement comprehensive and seamless measures,  and controled key procedures accurately and scientifically to ensure timely treatment of patients and prevent the spread of the virus in the hospital. This article summarized the practical experience of nursing management in epidemic  prevention and  control to provides reference for the response to the similar public health emergencies in the future.
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    Application of three-level screening process in the prevention and control of COVID-19
    HUANG Shuangxia, JIANG Yun, YANG Li, HUANG Chunyan, ZHU Jijin, WANG Wei, NING Zong, HUANG Cuiqing
    2020, 1 (2):  118-120. 
    Abstract ( 330 )   PDF (684KB) ( 62 )   Save
    Objective  To formulate a three-level screening process for COVID-19 to cut off the virus transmis-sion route as early as possible and reduce the exposure to virus sources. Methods  The first-level screening consisted of two steps triage;  fast triage station in each entrance of medical areas and fever clinic triage station with forward  checklist screening to find  out suspected  patients  as early  as  possible. The  secondary  screening was  performed for patients in a completely closed management manner,  to further confirm the epidemiological history and symptoms,and then combine with blood routine,  chest radiograph or CT imaging results to confirm suspected cases.The tertiary screening focused on the management of suspected cases. The patients with COVID-19 were accuratelyscreened through two nucleic  acid tests.  Results   Until 8;00 AM  of 9th February,1589  suspected  patients were screened  in the triage  stations  of fever clinic  which  was first-level  screening. 282  cases  were  screened  in fever clinic  which was secondary  screening, 39 suspected patients were  screened in isolated  observation area which  was tertiary screening. In the end,  3 cases were confirmed and transported to the designed hospital for isolation treatment. No nurses and doctors were infected and no patients were missed. Conclusion The three-level screening process is clear and strictly prevents missed diagnosis,  and effectively reduces the risk of transmission within medical institutions.
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    Core skills and process requirements for nursing staff of COVID-19 ICU
    WU Xinjuan, SUN Hong, LI Qi, LI Zunzhu, XIA Ying, JIAO Jing
    2020, 1 (2):  121-122. 
    Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (154KB) ( 141 )   Save
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    A study on the psychological needs of the nurses in the epidemic prevention and control from ERG theory perspective
    YIN Xue, ZENG Lingdan
    2020, 1 (2):  122-125. 
    Abstract ( 156 )   PDF (708KB) ( 58 )   Save
     Objective   To  explore the psychological demands of the  nurses who took care of the  patients  with COVID-19  and  to propose corresponding  interventions.  Methods   An  in-depth  interview  was  conducted  with  10 nurses who took care of the patients with COVID-19 and interview data was analyzed by generic analysis. Results Based on the ERG(Existence,Relatedness and Growth) theory,  it showed that the existence needs,relatedness needs and  growth  needs  of  clinical  nurses  coexisted. The  existence  needs  were  mainly  reflected  on  health  needs  and security  needs,  and  the  relatedness  needs  mainly  on  interpersonal  needs,humanistic  concern  needs  and  family needs,and the  growth  needs  mainly  on knowledge  needs. Existence  needs were the  main needs at present,health needs  and  security  needs  influenced  each  other.  Humanistic  concern  needs  were  the  most  important  among relatedness needs,interpersonal needs and family needs were  also growing. The knowledge needs in growth  needs were  very  strong.  Conclusion   The  existence  needs  are  being  effectively  guaranteed,the  relatedness  needs  and growth needs still need to be further improved.
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    The practice of caring for nurses by members of caring nurses team in fighting against the epidemic
    HE Jiao, WU Lifen, LIU Yilan, XIONG Lijuan, LE Qiong
    2020, 1 (2):  126-128. 
    Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (829KB) ( 119 )   Save
    Objective  To rapidly improve the stress resistance of nurses in the first line against COVID-19 epidemic.  Methods   12  supporting  nurses  were  given the  care  of  occupational  protection,the  help  of  daily  life,the guidance of psychological problems,and the help to their families. The  sleep  status of  12  nurses was investigated by telephone in the middle period from day 6 to day  8 , and the changes of psychological  stress resistance of  12 nurses were investigated by semi-structured interview within 3 days after the support,to evaluate the effect of caring provided by the members of the group. Result  Most of the nurses  slept significantly better. The interview results of  12 nurses showed their positive attitude. They faced up to the epidemic and faced it bravely,eliminatedthe wor- Ties and passed on love, strengthened the mentality and adapted to the change, built the confidence and  united to fight together.  Conclusion  The  caring provided by the members of the  caring nurses group  can help to  improve the ability of coping with the epidemic quickly.
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    The establishment and practice of fever emergency observation ward under the epidemic prevention and control situation
    ZHOU Wenjuan
    2020, 1 (2):  129-132. 
    Abstract ( 155 )   PDF (687KB) ( 87 )   Save
    Due to COVID-19 which is the public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC),through ward construction management,human resource deployment,staff emergency  training,logistic  support  and  so  on,the  general  orthopedic  ward  was  replaced  and converted into a fever emergency observation ward within 7  hours. The process was fast, orderly, scientific and safe. This will provide a reference for the subsequent establishment of isolation wards.
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    Application of three-step nursing workforce management in the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic
    LIU Xiaohui, YUE Liqing, TAN Zheyu, ZHAO Dan
    2020, 1 (2):  133-136. 
    Abstract ( 132 )   PDF (1148KB) ( 64 )   Save
    Under the  severe situation of the sudden public health event of COVID-19  in China,we  summarized our  experience  of  the  nursing  workforce  management in the  prevention  and  control  of  COVID-19.We  used  the three-step nursing workforce management to ensure the number and quality of nursing staff in emergency situations. The  AB  role management  method  was  applied  to  improve  the  efficiency  of  nursing  management.  Multi-level  and multi-channel training was conducted to ensure the service and protection ability of personnel. We also paid full attendon  to  the  psychological  status  of  nurses  to  guarantee  the  combat  effectiveness.  After the  implementation  ofthose measures,the patients were treated in an orderly manner,the infection was properly controlled,manpower was deployed quickly and effectively,and material was provided timely and sufficient. It is believed that the three-step AB role nursing workforce management not only can make the progress of the COVID-19 control work smoothly,butalso ensure the quality of nursing care and the safety of patients and healthcare workers.
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    The management of double department prevention and control program for COVID-19 in emergency triage & fever clinic
    GAO Zhe, WU Jiehua, HU Lingling
    2020, 1 (2):  137-139. 
    Abstract ( 131 )   PDF (606KB) ( 116 )   Save
    Objective   In order to effectively distinguish the general fever patients,shorten the exposure time of novel coronavirus patients and  implement the principle of four early prevention and  control of  novel coronavirus, establish  a double  department prevention and  control program in emergency triage&fever clinic.  Methods   We improved the triage process of the emergency department of the  hospital and combined  with the outpatient treatment process of fever to formulate standardized operation guidance. Results   With the novel coronavirus prevention and control as the main line and the patient-centered standardized prevention and control program,the general feverpatients were effectively distinguished,the occurrence of nosocomial infection events was eliminated,the diagnosis and treatment  efficiency  was  improved,and  the  psychological  pressure of  patients'  treatment  was  reduced.  Conclusion This process not only realizes the basic function of prevention and control of novel coronavims in emergency department and fever clinic,but also embodies the scientific management concept of humanity.
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    A study on emergency department nurses training for responding to COVID-19 and effect evaluation
    LIU Qiangqiang, HUANG Yanmei, LIANG Xiaoyu, LI Yunhan
    2020, 1 (2):  140-142. 
    Abstract ( 171 )   PDF (679KB) ( 101 )   Save
    Objective  To explore the training methods for emergency department nurses to respond to COVID-19 and  evaluate  the  effects.  Methods   112  nurses  in  our department  were  trained  through  skill training,theoretical knowledge training and patient consultation and question-answering training. The assessment scores before and after the training were compared and analyzed. Results  The percentage of nurses who mastered the theory knowledge of novel coronavirus increased from 25.9% to 98.2% after training (P<0.001).The correct rates of wearing and taking off protective clothes,and the pharyngeal swab skill were improved from 42.9% to 99.1% after training  (P<0.001).The differences were statistically significant. Conclusion  Our department nurses' theoretical knowledge and protective skills for COVID-19 have been improved after training and it achieves the expected training goals.
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    Analysis of death cases due to COVID-19 and disease management strategies
    DENG Juan, HUANG Sufang, SHANG Weiwei, YAN Li, HE Jiahuan, XIAO Yaru
    2020, 1 (2):  143-146. 
    Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (817KB) ( 36 )   Save

    Objective We analyzed 32 death cases caused by COVID-19 to provide evidence for standardizing clinical management and prevention of the disease.Methods32 cases died of COVID-19 from 9th to 24th January in 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, comorbidity, first clinical symptom, time of illness onset, time from onset to medical consultation, time from onset to death and so on were collected. Then we explored the clinicalmanagement strategies for COVID-19 according to national policy and guideline.ResultsAmong the 32 patients-25 were male accounting for 78.13% and the median age was 70 years old. The comorbidities included hypertension-diabetes,heart disease,stroke,pulmonary disease and etc. The clinical symptoms varied,including fever,cough,chest tightness,dyspnea,fatigue,muscle ache,diarrhea and etc. The median time from the onset of illness to medicalconsultation was 6 days,the median time from the onset to death was 13 days.ConclusionsWe don,t recommendhome care for the elderly and patients with comorbidities. They should be detected and treated as early as possi ble. The clinical management plan should be made on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of history  clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. We should dynamically assess and monitor patients in home care and encourage patients to take active part in self-management strategy be screened and seek treatment timely.

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    Pediatric Emergency Triage Scale and interpretation
    SHEN Xiaoling, LI Yimin, HUANG Ganying, JIANG Chunming, JIN Jingfen, LOU Qiuying, FU Rong, QIAN Lihua, ZHANG Xiaoqing
    2020, 1 (2):  147-150. 
    Abstract ( 410 )   PDF (954KB) ( 626 )   Save
    【Abstract】   This article aims to provide reference to standardize the emergency triage of pediatrics by interpreting the newly issued national pediatric emergency triage standard which was organized by National Health Commission and drafted by the leading of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The pediatric  part of the  emergency  triage  standard  consists  of three  dimensions,namely  critical  sign indicators,individual indicators and comprehensive indicators. It requires qualified triage nurses in emergency department to make accurate evaluation for pediatric patients,and to arrange the priority of treatment according to the triage level to ensure that critically ill patients can be treated timely. At the same time, it pointed out the hospital should have the infororation system to carry out the triage, which is helpful for quick understanding and implementation of the pediatricstriage standards,and the generalization of the standards.
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    Obstetric Emergency Triage Scale and interpretation
    XU Lingyan, FENG Suwen, WANG Zhengping, HU Wen sheng , JIN Jingfen , XIANG Zhenzhen , LIU Genhong , WANG Hong
    2020, 1 (2):  151-155. 
    Abstract ( 569 )   PDF (890KB) ( 939 )   Save
    The pregnant and maternal women are the special group and the  adult emergency triage  scale can't be directly applied for them. It is highly necessary to establish an obstetric-specific emergency triage scale which is suitable for the  pregnant and  maternal  women.  The  obstetric  emergency  triage  scale  is  a part  of the  emergency triage  scale organized  by the  National  Health  Commission of the  People's  Republic  of  China and  drafted  by the leading of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The scale includes the most of common obstetric emergency conditions and details the classification indicators of each level of obstetric conditions.It provides an objective,quantitative and reliable standards for clinical triage nurses.
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    The evidence based practice of improving enteral nutrition tolerance in critical neurosurgical patients
    DING Juan, ZHANG Fengqin, FU Wenfang, LI Xiaorong
    2020, 1 (2):  156-160. 
    Abstract ( 290 )   PDF (717KB) ( 325 )   Save
     Objective  To investigate the effects of evidence-based nursing practice according to clinical practice guidelines on enteral nuttition tolerance in critical neurosurgical patients.  Methods   144 critical patients admitted to the intensive care unit of neurosurgical department in a tertiary hospital in Jingzhou City from January 2018 to November 2018 were selected by convenient sampling. 69 patients who were admitted from July to November 2018 were defined as the experimental group and 75 patients who were admitted from January to June 2018 as the control group.  The  control  group received  routine nursing care while the  experimental group  received  evidence-based nursing  intervention  based  on  clinical  practice  guidelines.The  incidence  rate  of  enteral  nutrition  intolerance  and feeding compliance rate were compared between the two groups. The nurses' scores of "knowledge, belief and practire of enteral nutrition"  were also compared between the two groups. Results   Compared with the control group, the incidence rate of enteral nutrition intolerance in the experimental group was significantly lower  (P<0.05). The compliante rate of 7  d feeding in the experimental group was  94.2%,the  difference  between the two  groups  was statistically significantly==12.585,P<0.001).The knowledge level of nurses on the  management of feeding intolerance  in  severe patients was  significantly  improved(P<0.05).Conclusion  The early introduction of evidence-based nursing practice based on clinical practice guidelines plays an important  role in improving enteral nutrition tolerance in critical neurosurgical patients.
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    Construction of nursing quality evaluation indicator system for the prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    LI Ran, GAO Yufang, ZHAO Lin, XIU Lulu, WANG Hui, ZHANG Hua, NIAN Wenjun, LIU Di, WU Guixia, WANG Huifang
    2020, 1 (2):  161-166. 
    Abstract ( 179 )   PDF (890KB) ( 150 )   Save
    Objective  To construct a nursing quality evaluation indicator system for the prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods  Based on the model of the "Structure-Pro-cess-Result",this  study  combined the  methods  of  literature  analysis, semi-structured  intemiews,Delphi  method  and analytic  hierarchy process to  determine the  weight of  each  index and constructed the  COPD nursing quality evalnation indicator system.  Results   The positive coefficients of the two  rounds of expert inquiries respectively were 92.31%  and  95.83%.  The  authoritative  coefficients  of  experts  were  0.769  and  0.895,and the  coordination  coeffidents respectively were 0.121  and 0.204. This nursing quality evaluation indicator system consisted of 3 first-level indicators, l2  second-level  indicators,and 53  third-level indicators. The  weight coefficients of  each  level indicators were established.  Conclusion  This indicator system reflects the characteristics of  COPD  and has  a clear hierarchy,accurate evaluation indicators,and reasonable weight distribution. It  builds   a foundation for further empirical research.
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    Continuous versus intermittent aspiration of subglottic secretion for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia:a meta-analysis
    PANG Xuelian, CAI Tiantian, ZHU Chaoqi
    2020, 1 (2):  167-174. 
    Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (2585KB) ( 534 )   Save
     Objective  To compare the effectiveness between continuous aspiration of subglottic  secretion(CASS) and intermittent aspiration of subglottic secretion (IASS)  in mechanical ventilation patients for preventing ventilator- associated pneumonia  (VAP). Methods  Randomized controlled trials published from July  1994 to July 2019 were identified  by  searching  CochraneLibrary,PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,Web  of  Science,China  Biology  Medicine database, CNKI, Wangfa and VIP Database. Two reviewers independently  screened the  studies according to the inelusive and exclusive criteria,assessed the quality and extracted the data. Then RevMan 5.3  software was used for Meta-analysis. Results  Eighteen studies enrolling a total of  1951  patients met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference between two groups for the incidence of VAP,time to VAP occurrence,the aspirated  secretion  volume,duration  of  mechanical  ventilafion,length  of  ICU  stay  (P>0.05).  The  positive rate  of  occult blood test in CASS group was higher (P<0.01).Conclusion  The results indicate no significant differences between the two groups for preventing VAP. But the risk of tracheal wall injury in CASS is higher than that in IASS.
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    The appication of self-led training cardiopulmonary resuscitation training among nursing undergraduate students
    ZHENG Min, GAN Xiuni
    2020, 1 (2):  175-177. 
    Abstract ( 178 )   PDF (626KB) ( 89 )   Save
    Objective  To compare the effectiveness and acceptance of self-led training and instructor-led trainingon cardiopulmonary resuscitation  (CPR)  training among nursing undergraduate students. Methods   We recruited 95 nursing undergraduate students who practiced nursing in Emergency Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from November 2018 to April 2019. They were divided into the experimental group (the self-led training,n=48) and the control group(instructor-led training,n=47)by the sealed envelope method. Skill tests were performed on the  day of training  and  the  seventh  day  after  training,Students'  attitude  were  assessed by  the  questionnaire  after  the  training.  Results   There was no  statistical difference in CPR skill  scores between two groups immediately after training(P>0.05),and was statistical difference on the 7th day(P<0.001).The will-ingness to accept the is a different training significant difference self-led model"betweew trammg whichthe twnmodel was 100%,whileindicated that they didn't 12 students in the control group chose .accept instructor-led training model well. There was groups in students' attitudetive to carry out self-led CPR training for nursing undergraduate (P<0.001).students, and Conclusion  It is feasible and effec it is generally accepted. But whether it is suitable for nursing interns at other levels of education requires further research.
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    Application of human mechanics principle in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mobile ambulance
    JIAN Gangren, ZHENG Ruofei, WANG Shengfang, YAN Sumei, SU Lili
    2020, 1 (2):  178-181. 
    Abstract ( 128 )   PDF (2034KB) ( 159 )   Save

    Objective To explore the effects of application of human mechanics principle in cardiopulmonary resuscitation in mobile ambulance.Methods40 members from emergency medical teams were selected from an emergency center in Fujian province. Two copies of numbers were generated by the random number table and sealed in opaque envelopes. Doctors and nurses opened the envelopes separately. Doctors and nurses with the samenumbers formed a team. 20 teams were randomly divided into the experimental and control group with 10 teams ineach group. Using the principles of human mechanics,the experimental group performed team cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the resuscitation Annie in the mobile ambulance. The control group performed team cardiopulmonaryresuscitation on the same Annie conventionally in the mobile ambulance. The resuscitation time was all 8 minutes. ResultsThe experimental group was superior to the control group in the number of compressions per minute, the proportion of correct site compressions the frequency of compressions the depth of compressions the complete rebound proportion the score of compressions the number of ventilation per minute, the proportion of correct ventilation the number of accidental injuries. Conclusion It is beneficial to improve the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by applying the principles of human mechanics in cardiopulmonary resuscitation correctly in the mobile ambulance and then to improve the resuscitation outcome of patients with cardiac arrest outside the hospital.

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    The status and thinking of workplace violence prevention in emergency department under the guidance of broken window theory
    PU Qiuxia, LI Hongwei, LI Hongjing, YANG Longwen, ZHANG Longmei, DOU Yinghuan, WEI Rong, ZHANG Tingting
    2020, 1 (2):  186-189. 
    Abstract ( 158 )   PDF (705KB) ( 129 )   Save
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    Nursing care for a patient with non-small cell lung cancer and sepsis
    PENG Ying, ZHANG Sulan, XIANG Mingfang, NIU Xiaojuan
    2020, 1 (2):  190-192. 
    Abstract ( 391 )   PDF (617KB) ( 480 )   Save
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