Table of Content

10 August 2025, Volume 6 Issue 8 Previous Issue   

Research Paper

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Construction and application effects of an analgesia and sedation management program for adult patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy LIU Yuting, QI Mengying, MENG Siya, WANG Binghan, WANG Qiaosha, HE Guilan 2025, 6 (8):  901-907.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.001 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1090KB) ( )   Save Objective This study aims to construct an analgesia and sedation management program for adult patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（ECMO） therapy in order to prevent the accumulation of analgesics and sedatives，avoid inadequate analgesia and sedation，reduce adverse events，and optimize ECMO support. Methods By searching domestic and foreign literature，obtaining best practice evidence，we constructed the first draft of an adult extracorporeal membrane oxygenation analgesia and sedation management program. From March to May 2024，16 experts were consulted for 2 rounds using the Delphi method to form the final draft of the adult ECMO analgesia and sedation management program. Convenience sampling method was used to select ECMO patients from the critical care medicine department of a tertiary A hospital in Shenzhen from July to September 2024 for preliminary application. The Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool（CPOT） and the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale（RASS） evaluation scales were used to evaluate the analgesia and sedation effect of the patients after application of the program. Results The effective questionnaire recovery rate for the two rounds of Delphi consultation were 88.9% and 100%，respectively. The expert authority coefficient was 0.862 and Kendall’s coordination coefficient was 0.069 and 0.085（both P<0. 001）. The sedation and analgesia management program in ECMO therapy for adult patients was finally formed，including 5 primary indicators（assessment tools，analgesia and sedation goals，drug selection，drug titration，monitoring），11 secondary indicators，and 24 tertiary indicators. After application of this program，the CPOT score was <3 points，the patient had no adverse stimulation that caused by pain，and the RASS score was -3 to 1. The patient did not experience insufficient or excessive sedation，and an appropriate level of sedation was maintained. Conclusion The adult ECMO analgesia and sedation management program constructed in this study is comprehensive，specific，scientific and feasible，and can provide reference for adult ECMO analgesia and sedation management. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer surgery patients：a 1：3 paired case-control study LU Lu, YANG Jiamin, LEI Xinning, LU Hongyan, YANG Liying 2025, 6 (8):  908-914.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.002 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1135KB) ( )   Save Objective Explore the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer patients，and provide reference for medical staff to prevent postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer. Methods A case-control study using a 1 ∶ 3 ratio design was conducted to select 33 patients with postoperative pulmonary embolism in the Department of General Thoracic Surgery at a tertiary hospital in Ningxia from January 1 to December 31，2023 as the case group. 99 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery during the same period and did not develop postoperative pulmonary embolism were selected as the control group，matched 1 ∶ 3 according to age（±5 years），gender，and tumor stage. We collected the clinical data of the two groups，including the general information （such as BMI value，intraoperative bleeding，complications，operation time，etc.），tumor condition（including tumor stage，lymph node dissection group，etc.），preoperative laboratory indicators（D-dimer，prothrombin time，etc.） and content related to nursing work（Caprini score，whether to use plantar venous pump，etc.）. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting postoperative complicated pulmonary embolism in patients with lung cancer. Results The results of regression analysis showed that BMI value，early postoperative ambulation，presence of lower limb venous thrombosis，previous VTE history and delay of early postoperative mobilization were independent factors of postoperative pulmonary embolism in patients with lung cancer. Conclusion Lung cancer patients with higher BMI values，lower limb venous thrombosis，previous VTE，and delayed early postoperative mobilization are more likely to develop pulmonary embolism after surgery. It is strongly recommended that the thoracic surgery department introduce the improved Caprini scale for VTE risk assessment，refine the grading management of high-risk groups，and thereby reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Special Planning——Quality Improvment in Critical Care Services

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The impact of the “secure-encourage-collaborate” transitional care on the migration stress of caregivers for critically ill oncology patients CAI Zheyi, FENG Shuihua, CAI Yahong, ZOU Chan, LIANG Gaoke, LIU Lei, CHEN Qing 2025, 6 (8):  915-922.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.003 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1352KB) ( )   Save Objective To evaluate the effect of “secure-encourage-collaborate” transitional care in coping with migration stress in caregivers of critically ill patients with tumor. Methods A non-randomized quasi experimental research design was adopted. 151 caregivers of critically ill patients with cancer transferred out of ICU from May 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the research objects. 76 caregivers of patients from November 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the experimental group，and the “secure-encourage-collaborate” transitional care was implemented. 75 patients’ caregivers from May to October 2023 were selected as the control group，and the routine nursing scheme was implemented. The anxiety，depression and ICU family migration stress levels of the caregivers in the two groups were compared after they were transferred to ICU（T0），the day they were transferred from ICU（T1），and 72 hours after transfer（T2）. The quality of nursing measures in the transition period，ICU return rate and average length of stay in the two groups were compared. The 72 h ICU return rate and average hospitalization days of the two groups were compared. Results 75 cases in the experimental group and 71 cases in the control group completed the study. The levels of depression，anxiety and ICU family migration stress of the two groups of caregivers at different time points was statistically significant（F=954.980，P<0.001，F=394.391，P<0.001，F=221.028，P<0.001）. The CTM scores of the two groups showed an upward trend，and the interaction at different time points was statistically significant（F=457.751，P<0.001）. The 72 h ICU return rate of the experimental group was 2.67%，which was lower than 9.86% of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（t=5.245，P<0.05）. The average length of stay in the experimental group was（18.19 ± 2.17） d，which was significantly lower than （21.24 ± 1.95） d in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（t=8.916，P<0.001）. Conclusion Implementing the “secure-encourage-collaborate” transition nursing for critically ill cancer patients can help reduce the occurrence of negative emotions such as anxiety，depression and migratory stress level among caregivers，improve the nursing safety and satisfaction of patients during the transitional period，and promote their disease recovery. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effectiveness of a nursing program for ICU discharge preparation based on dyadic illness management theory LIU Haijin, WU Biyu, LIN Caixia, XU Minjun, YU Xiaolan 2025, 6 (8):  923-929.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.004 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1346KB) ( )   Save Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing program for ICU patient discharge preparation based on the dyadic illness management theory. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted with a non-concurrent control design. 66 pairs of ICU patients and their caregivers were conveniently selected as study participants. 33 pairs were enrolled from September to November 2023 and assigned to the control group，which received routine care. The other 33 pairs were enrolled from January to March 2024 and assigned to the intervention group，which received a discharge preparation nursing program based on the dyadic illness management theory. The study compared the readiness of ICU patients for discharge，caregiver readiness，days in ICU，total days of hospitalization，and rates of unplanned ICU readmission between the two groups. Results A total of 64 pairs completed，with 32 pairs in each group. The intervention group exhibited significantly higher scores in both readiness of ICU patients and caregivers for discharge compared to the control group（P<0.05）. The total days of hospitalization was significantly shorter in the intervention group（P<0.05）. The duration of stay in ICU was shorter in the intervention group，but the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. No unplanned ICU readmissions occurred in either group. Conclusion The nursing program for ICU patient discharge preparation based on the dyadic illness management theory holds scientific and practical value. It can enhance the readiness of ICU patients and caregivers for discharge，thereby reducing the duration of hospitalization. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The experience of coping with electrocardiogram monitoring alarm among patients in cardiac intensive care unit：a qualitative study CHEN Weijing, LI Jialin, SONG Jianping, XIAO Hanyu, JIN Jinhua, ZHANG Weibin 2025, 6 (8):  930-937.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.005 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1367KB) ( )   Save Objective To understand the coping experience of patients in the cardiac intensive care unit on electrocardiogram（ECG） monitor alarm during hospitalization，to provide a theoretical basis for improving the experience of patients in CCU and improving the quality of nursing work. Methods From January to February 2025，15 patients in the cardiac intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province were selected for semi-structured interviews using the phenomenological research method. The interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method. Results The analysis yielded 4 themes and 11 sub-themes：Patients had insufficient cognition of the alarm（limited knowledge of the cause of the alarm，ignoring or underestimating the significance of the alarm，lack of measures to deal with the alarm），patients presented personalized coping styles （negative coping，self-regulation，and active seeking help），the alarm caused double impact on patients（causing excessive reactions of the body to uncertainty and increasing the psychological burden of patients on their condition），and patients presented diversification nursing intervention needs（desire to be accompanied and comforted，want to understand the knowledge of monitoring equipment，and look forward to a more comfortable hospital experience）. Conclusion Medical staff should improve patients’ cognitive adjustment to the alarm，improve patients’ self-efficacy and ability to respond to the alarm，pay attention to the physiological and psychological effects of the alarm and take comprehensive intervention，strengthen the humanistic care of nurses for alarm management，optimize the ward environment，improve the ECG monitoring system and other measures to meet the diverse needs of patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorders in family members of intensive care unit patients：a meta-analysis WANG Yijia, PAN Aihong, LIU Rui, CHEN Qian, WANG Chengchen 2025, 6 (8):  938-944.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.006 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1149KB) ( )   Save Objective To explore the risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD） in family members of ICU patients through a meta-analysis. Methods A search was conducted in the Cochrane Library，Embase，PubMed，Web of Science，CNKI，Wanfang，and VIP Database for cohort studies，case-control studies，and cross-sectional studies on the risk factors of PTSD in ICU patients’ family members from the inception of the databases to July 10，2024. Two researchers independently performed literature screening，quality assessment，and data extraction. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. Results 13 studies were included，including 2746 family members of ICU patients. The meta-analysis results indicated that family member’s gender（OR=2.64），relationship to the patient（OR=1.30），history of prior psychological issues（OR=3.72），ICU length of stay（OR=1.07），educational level of the family member（OR=1.36），employment status of family members（OR=0.26） and level of social support（OR=0.81） were factors influencing PTSD in ICU patients’ family members. Conclusion PTSD in family members of ICU patients is predominantly influenced by non-modifiable or challenging-to-modify factors. It is therefore recommended that healthcare professionals identify high-risk groups at an early stage based on these factors and intervene promptly to prevent PTSD. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influencing factors of sleep disorders in post-ICU patients：a systematic review and meta-analysis JIANG Weilin, WANG Li, HUANG Zhenzhen, YAN Ran, YI Jia, ZHUANG Yiyu 2025, 6 (8):  945-952.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.007 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1273KB) ( )   Save Objective To systematically review and meta-analyze the influencing factors of sleep disorders in post-ICU patients. Methods We searched related literature on influencing factors of sleep disorders in post-ICU patients in CNKI，Weipu Database，Wanfang Database，SinoMed，PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane Library，and Web of Science，the retrieval time was from inception of the database to August 31，2024. All analyses were performed using Stata version 18.0. Results A total of 9 studies，involving 6 558 patients and 19 influencing factors，met the inclusion criteria. Nine influencing factors were pooled for meta-analysis. The identified significant risk factors included length of ICU stay（OR=1.136），comorbidity（OR=2.257），depression（OR=1.497），and pain（OR=1.121）. Significant protective factors included physical health（OR=0.897；MD=7.483），and mental health （OR=0.845；MD=7.993）. The remaining influencing factors，which could not be pooled，were systematically reviewed. The risk factors included Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation（APACHE） Ⅱ score，tracheotomy，post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD），ICU infections，serum cannabinoid levels，and drug abuse. Protective factors included the number of invasive tube removals at ICU discharge，serum melatonin levels，age，and ward sleep quality. Conclusion Sleep disorders in post-ICU patients are influenced by various factors，including therapeutic，physiological，and psychological aspects. Doctors and nurses should evaluate the sleep status of post-ICU patients as early as possible，comprehensively，and dynamically，providing individualized and precise prevention and intervention measures. However，due to limitations in the quantity and quality of the included studies，some findings require further verification through higher-quality research in the future. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application progress and challenges of intelligent technology in rehabilitation nursing for critically ill patients MA Jiahui, LIN Hongjing, ZHANG Xueli, Qin Zeyu, JIANG Nan 2025, 6 (8):  953-956.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.008 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (743KB) ( )   Save With the deep integration of artificial intelligence，Internet of Things and wearable devices，intelligent technology is promoting the transformation of rehabilitation mode from “passive response” to “active early warning”and “precise intervention”. This paper reviews the core applications of intelligent technology in the field of critical care rehabilitation abroad in recent years，including intelligent monitoring and dynamic assessment，remote rehabilitation and rehabilitation robot-assisted work，and discusses the problems and application prospects in clinical application. It also proposes to build a three-in-one collaborative innovation framework of “technology-clinical-ethical” to meet the needs of clinical practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Emergency Care Research

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Nursing care of a severely obese patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome after severe trauma ZHANG Jing, WANG Lizhu, Huang Xiaoxia, FENG Xiuqin 2025, 6 (8):  957-959.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.009 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (572KB) ( )   Save To summarize the nursing experience of a severely obese patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome（ARDS） after severe trauma. Key interventions addressed multiple challenges，including severe pain，refractory hypoxemia，contraindications to prone positioning，malnutrition，and infection risks. The phased sedation-analgesia，extracorporeal membrane oxygenation（ECMO） support with stepwise lateral positioning，localized intermittent pressure offloading，intra-abdominal pressure-directed enteral nutrition，and digitalized infection control were adopted. Through multidisciplinary collaborative treatment and technological innovation，the patient was transferred to rehabilitation hospital successfully after 49 days of individualized care，and 5-month follow-up showed good recovery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Emergency nursing care for sudden airway obstruction in a patient with severe subglottic airway stenosis during hemodialysis YANG Muying, CHEN Xuan, HU Han 2025, 6 (8):  960-963.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.010 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (755KB) ( )   Save To summarize the emergency nursing experience of sudden airway obstruction in a patient with severe subglottic airway stenosis during hemodialysis. In response to the patient’s critical condition，special surgical and rehabilitation conditions，and other difficulties，measures included identification and management of airway obstructive dyspnea，individualized preoperative preparations for T-tube insertion，postoperative care for T-tube insertion and implementation of the rehabilitation nursing under the shared decision-making. The patient was discharged with T-tube after 7 days of hospitalization and followed up for 1 month with good recovery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Critical Care Research

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Nursing care of patients with enterocutaneous fistula undergoing intra-fistula intubation diversion technique WANG Qin, WANG Feixia, WANG Qunmin, JIANG Die, PAN Zhe, LI Weizhen, ZHAO Panpan, HUA Hanju 2025, 6 (8):  964-966.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.011 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (731KB) ( )   Save This article summarizes the nursing experience of three patients with enterocutaneous fistula who underwent intra-fistula intubation diversion technique. Addressing challenges such as high output of fistula drainage，difficulty in collecting intestinal fluid，special fistula locations（adjacent to or within the surgical incision），difficulty in would management and malnutrition，interventions included intra-fistula intubation diversion，cuff pressure monitoring，catheter removal care，specialized wound management，and nutritional support. Through meticulous monitoring and precise management，one patient achieved spontaneous fistula closure，while the other two underwent secondary fistula repair surgery. All patients recovered and were discharged successfully. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nursing care for a stroke patient with artificial airway undergoing rehabilitation with lower limb exoskeleton robot HUANG Jing, LU Wenyan, LIU Xiaoling, ZHANG Dan, ZHANG Xuemeng 2025, 6 (8):  967-970.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.012 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (650KB) ( )   Save To summarize the nursing care of an elderly stroke patient with artificial airway who underwent rehabilitation training using a lower limb exoskeleton robot. In addressing the rehabilitation challenges posed by the patient’s advanced age and the presence of an artificial airway，a core team was established to integrate robotics with critical care rehabilitation nursing. A scientifically designed robotic rehabilitation training plan was developed，incorporating visual monitoring. Comprehensive airway assessment and management were implemented to ensure the safety of robotic training. Dynamic nutritional monitoring was conducted to enhance the patient’s tolerance to robotic rehabilitation. Psychological interventions based on acceptance and commitment therapy （ACT） were utilized to improve adherence to the robotic training regimen. After 180 days of rehabilitation and nursing，the patient showed significant improvement in bilateral limb muscle strength，upper limb grip strength，and a noticeable increase in calf circumference. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Quality and Safety

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The practice of optimizing the process for emergency extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients DA Zhi, HUANG Xihua, CHEN Xufeng, JI Xueli, ZHANG Li, CAO Hengchang, JIN Lun, LI Xiang, CAI Hao 2025, 6 (8):  971-974.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.013 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (779KB) ( )   Save Objective To conduct the optimization practice of process for emergency extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Methods A multidisciplinary team was established in the emergency department of a third-class A hospital in Nanjing to analyze the difficulties and critical points in the rescue process. Optimization measures were taken from multiple aspects such as the pre-hospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation rapid response team，multidisciplinary collaboration，equipment and management，pre-hospital and in-hospital information sharing platform，system and process standards，and diversified training programs. Quality control was carried out in the emergency department. Results The success rate of treatment for 12 patients was 33.3%，significantly higher than the 22.5% success rate reported in the literature for emergency extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The time-sensitive indicators showed that the response time of the rapid response team for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was shortened from 25 minutes to 5 minutes，the preparation time for items was shortened from 15 minutes to 6 minutes，the pre-flush time for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was shortened from 18 minutes to the fastest 8 minutes，and the time for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was shortened from 30 to 50 minutes to 10 to 15 minutes. Conclusion Optimizing the process for emergency extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients can help improve the success rate of patient treatment and the timeliness of rescue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reliability and validity testing of the Chinese version of Combined Outcome Measure for Risk Communication and Treatment Decision-Making Effectiveness in family members of ICU patients CHEN Ying, TANG Jiaying, GUO Zhiting, FENG Xiuqin 2025, 6 (8):  975-981.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.014 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (985KB) ( )   Save Objective To translate the Combined Outcome Measure for Risk Communication and Treatment Decision-Making Effectiveness（COMRADE） to Chinese，and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the scale in the families of critically ill patients. Methods The English version of COMRADE was translated into Chinese according to the Brislin translation model and culturally adjusted to ensure its semantic and cultural applicability. A convenience sampling method was employed to select 450 family members of patients in the ICUs of a tertiary class A general hospital in Zhejiang Province between April and August 2024 for the purpose of assessing the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Chinese version of the COMRADE contained 2 dimensions of risk communication and decision effectiveness，with a total of 20 items，and the content validity of the scale was 0.96. The factor analysis extracted 2 common factors，and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 63.67%. The total Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.842，with folded reliabilities ranging from 0.701 to 0.749. Validation factor analysis showed a good model fit（χ2/df=2.143，RMSEA=0.068，CFI=0.920，TLI=0.910）. Conclusion The Chinese version of the COMRADE scale has been demonstrated to possess both reliability and validity，and thus represents a valuable tool for the assessment of the effectiveness of risk communication and decision-making processes among ICU family members in the context of alternative medicine. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Career Development of Nurses

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Development and validation of Job Competency Assessment Scale for Emergency Nurses XU Shihai, YANG Xiufen, ZHANG Weiwei, ZOU Lin, WANG Bingdong, GUAN Suili, GUAN Xin, CHENG Shouzhen 2025, 6 (8):  982-987.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.015 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (927KB) ( )   Save Objective To develop an emergency nurse competency assessment scale suitable for China’s national conditions and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on Leung’s nurse competency model，an item pool was constructed through literature review and semi-structured interviews. The scale was developed through Delphi expert consultation and pre-survey. From June to August 2024，a cluster random sample of 676 emergency nurses from 9 hospitals in Shenzhen was surveyed to test the scale’s reliability and validity. Results The scale comprises 5 dimensions and 46 items. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.980，and the test-retest reliability was 0.982. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.800 to 1.000，and the scale-level content validity index was 0.948. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 87.602%；confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit. Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity and can be served as a scientific assessment tool for the competency of emergency nurses. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of post core competence of ICU nurses in Xinjiang GU Xin, YANG Yanjie, PENG Hu, CAO Zhijie, MA Lina, ZHANG Li 2025, 6 (8):  988-994.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.016 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1020KB) ( )   Save Objective To investigate the status quo of ICU nurses’ post core competence in Xinjiang and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide reference for the formulation and optimization of ICU nurses’ post core competence training program. Methods A total of 3051 ICU nurses in Xinjiang from July to August 2024 were selected by convenient sampling method，and the self-designed general data questionnaire and core competence scale of ICU nurses were used to investigate them. Results The score of ICU nurses’ post core competence scale was （263.46±62.57），and the score of items was（3.71±0.88）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender，years of work in ICU，training intention，intensive care training，learning and communication in specialized conferences，and attitude towards nursing work were the factors influencing the core competence of ICU nurses（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The core competence of ICU nurses in Xinjiang is in the middle level and needs to be further improved. Hospital managers should establish a more complete hierarchical evaluation，training and assessment mechanism to address the deficiencies in the core competencies of ICU nurses，improve the core competence of ICU nurses and provide high-quality professional care for patients. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Academic Debate

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Emergency treatment and warning for an elderly patient with severe hyponatremia caused by excessive water intake：a case report YANG Xiaohua, SUN Ting, WANG Ping, YAO Meiqi 2025, 6 (8):  995-997.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.017 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (764KB) ( )   Save To summarize the emergency nursing care of a patient diagnosed with hyponatremic encephalopathy who had hematemesis complicated with unconsciousness. In response to the nursing difficulties of the patient with sudden onset，unknown etiology，irritability and lack of cooperation，emergency nurses traced the patient’s medical history in detail and found that the patient had excessive compliance with medical treatment，quickly providing differential diagnosis basis for the medical team. Combining symptomatic treatments such as sodium supplementation，hemostasis and gastric protection，reasonable use of protective constraints，targeted quantitative drinking water guidance were provided. After 4 days，the patient’s condition improved and was discharged. Follow up of 3 months showed stable condition and good compliance with medical treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical characteristics and prevention of neurological symptoms induced by overhydration based on cases：from a physician’s perspective SI Tong, ZHOU Yong, WANG Shuang 2025, 6 (8):  998-1002.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.018 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (841KB) ( )   Save Hydration therapy is widely used in angiography，interventional procedures，and certain surgical operations，serving as the cornerstone for preventing and treating acute kidney injury induced by iodinated contrast media. It is cost-effective，simple，and efficacious. However，improper hydration practices by patients or unstandardized guidance from healthcare providers may lead to overhydration，resulting in electrolyte imbalances，cardiac or renal dysfunction，and even neurological symptoms. This article focuses on the often-overlooked clinical nursing issue of neurological symptoms caused by overhydration. From a medical perspective and with case-based analysis，it explores the current status，mechanism，diagnosis and differential diagnosis，nursing care，and preventive measures. The aim is to enhance awareness of hydration therapy risk assessment，standardize and refine health education contents，and ultimately improve the overall quality of hydration therapy. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evidence Synthesis Research

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Meta-integration of qualitative research on the experience of emergency medical staff caring for self-harm patients HAN Lin, JU Ping, WANG Xueting, YANG Lijuan, KONG Qingjie, XIAO Hong, MENG Lihong 2025, 6 (8):  1003-1009.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.019 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1119KB) ( )   Save Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate the qualitative research on the experience of emergency medical staff caring for self-harmed patients. Methods PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，CINAHL （EBSCO），Scopus，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP Database，and China Biomedical Database were electroni-cally searched from inception to December 31，2024 to screen qualitative studies on the experience of emergency medical staff caring for patients with self-harm. The quality of the included literature was evaluated and integrated using collective integration method. Results A total of 16 articles were included，and 4 integrated results were obtained. There were multiple emotional experiences，the promoting and hindering factors，taking different coping strategies，and the benefits of caring for self-harm patients. Conclusion It is necessary to pay close attention to the emotional changes of medical staff in emergency department in caring for self-harm patients，to solve the obstacles in the process of care，to assist in adopting different coping strategies in the process of medical care，to help understand the benefits in the process of care，and finally to improve the quality of care of medical staff in emergency department，to improve the experience of self-harm patients，and to prevent patients from repeated self-harm or even suicide. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experience of emergency department nurses in disaster relief：a qualitative meta-synthesis CHEN Panjun, LI Bo, ZHAO Yati, GUO Xinzhen 2025, 6 (8):  1010-1016.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.020 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1025KB) ( )   Save Objective To systematically evaluate and analyze the qualitative research on disaster relief experience of emergency department nurses，in order to provide evidence for improving their disaster relief ability and psychological burden of emergency department nurses. Methods Qualitative studies on disaster relief experience of nurses in emergency department were systematically searched from CNKI，VIP database，Wanfang Database，Chinese Biomedical Literature database，PubMed，Cochrane Library，Web of science and Embase. The search period was from the establishment of the database to April 30，2024. The literature quality was evaluated independently using the Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI） Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Qualitative Research Quality Evaluation tool，and the included literature was integrated and analyzed using the pooled integration method. Results A total of 14 literatures were included，and 43 research results were extracted and summarized into 11 categories，which were summarized into 4 integrated results：negative experience of emergency department nurses in disaster relief，positive experience of emergency department nurses in disaster relief，support and demand of emergency department nurses in disaster relief，and future challenges of emergency department nurses in disaster relief. Conclusion Disaster rescue brings many troubles to the physical，psychological and social aspects of emergency department nurses. The three aspects of "hospital - nursing manager - nurse" should all attach importance to the experience and feelings of disaster rescue，assist emergency department nurses in self-adjustment，and improve their disaster rescue ability. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review

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Research progress of family auditory stimulation in the prevention of ICU delirium WANG Tingting, MA Yajun, GAO Wen, ZHANG Yuping, JIN Jingfen 2025, 6 (8):  1017-1020.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.021 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (812KB) ( )   Save ICU delirium is a common acute brain dysfunction syndrome with a high incidence，posing serious risks to patients’ short- and long-term outcomes. Family auditory stimulation，as a non-pharmacological intervention based on emotional support and sensory input，has increasingly been applied in the prevention of ICU delirium in recent years. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors of ICU delirium，and systematically summarizes the definition，mechanisms，implementation content，playback frequency and duration，and evaluation indicators of family auditory stimulation. It provides a reference for the clinical practice of early delirium prevention and future research directions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on coping strategies for fear of disease progression in young and middle-aged post-PCI patients LIU Chang, WANG Zhongxia, QU Jiangyue, LIU Xudong, MENG Liping, ZHANG Hua 2025, 6 (8):  1021-1024.  doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.022 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (588KB) ( )   Save Young and middle-aged patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） are prone to developing fear of disease progression，which can negatively impact health outcomes. This article reviews the concept，current research status，influencing factors，and intervention measures for fear of disease progression in young and middle-aged post-PCI patients，aiming to provide a theoretical basis for future research. References | Related Articles | Metrics