Abstract: To summarize the nursing experience of double lung transplantation in a child with congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Focusing on the characteristics of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula and the difficulties of lung transplantation,in response to the reconstruction of pulmonary circulation and the remodeling of heart function after transplantation,the problems of transplant lung expansion,lung rehabilitation management and fluid management,the patient was systematically managed. And observation and identification should be strengthened according to the particularity of the child. After comprehensive and systematic management and rehabilitation,the patient recovered well,the transplanted lung function was normal,and the patient was discharged smoothly.

Key words: Congenital, Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula, Lung Transplantation, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Critical Care Nursing