A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感的潜在剖面及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2024.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感的潜在剖面及影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法于2022年1月—2023年6月选取山西省某三级甲等医院心脏大血管外科A型主动脉夹层术后患者的主要照顾者作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、习得性无助量表、照顾者准备度问卷和疾病不确定感家属量表进行问卷调查。使用增长混合模型识别其习得性无助感的潜在剖面,并通过单因素分析和Logistic回归分析识别其潜在剖面的影响因素。结果 350名A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感得分为（50.40±6.28）分,可分为3个潜在剖面,分别是低无助高绝望组（12.57%）、高无助低绝望组（27.43%）、高无助高绝望组（60.00%）。Logistic回归分析显示,患者年龄、术后入住重症监护室时长、照顾者性别、照顾者文化程度、照顾者家庭人均月收入、分担照顾人数、是否为主要决策者、疾病不确定感是A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感潜在剖面的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感存在异质性,医护人员可根据不同潜在剖面的影响因素进行个体化干预,以降低照顾者习得性无助感。

关键词: 习得性无助感, A型主动脉夹层, 照顾者负担, 护理, 潜在剖面分析, 影响因素分析

Abstract: Objective To investigate the latent profiles and influencing factors of learned helpless among primary caregivers of postoperative patients with type A aortic dissection. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select primary caregivers of postoperative patients with type A aortic dissection from January 2022 to June 2023. A survey was conducted by the general data questionarie,Learned Helplessness Scale,Caregiver Preparedness Scale,and Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Family Member Form. The growth mixture model was used to identify the latent profiles and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the prediction factors of latent profiles. Results The learned helplessness scores of the primary caregivers of 350 patients with type A aortic dissection were（50.40±6.28）,which could be divided into three latent profiles：low helplessness and high despair group （12.57%）,high helplessness and low despair group（27.43%）,and high helplessness and high despair group （60.00%）.Logistic regression analysis showed that patient age,length of stay in ICU after surgery,caregiver gender,caregiver education level,caregiver family monthly income,number of caregivers,whether the caregiver was the main decision maker,and disease uncertainty were the influencing factors of learned helplessness latent profiles（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the learned helplessness among primary caregivers of postoperative patients with type A aortic dissection. Medical staff can conduct individualized intervention according to influencing factors of different latent profiles to reduce the learned helplessness of caregivers.

Key words: Learned Helpless, Type A Aortic Dissection, Primary Caregiver, Nursing Care, Latent Class Analysis, Root Cause Analysis

赵青, 武文贤, 栗林, 王学艳. A型主动脉夹层术后患者主要照顾者习得性无助感的潜在剖面及影响因素分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2024, 5(5): 414-420.

ZHAO Qing, WU Wenxian, LI Lin, WANG Xueyan. Analysis of latent profiles and influencing factors of learned helpless among primary caregivers of postoperative patients with type A aortic dissection[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2024, 5(5): 414-420.

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