ISSN 2097-6046（网络）
ISSN 2096-7446（印刷）
CN 10-1655/R
主管：中国科学技术协会
主办：中华护理学会
中华急危重症护理杂志

中华急危重症护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (7): 864-869.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.07.015

• 护士职业发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

重症高级实践护士培训体验及专业发展期望的质性研究

刘芳1(), 李梦楠2, 安纪辉3, 王玥4, 李佩瑶4, 申艳玲5, 杨淅雯5, 梅爱英1, 王宇娇6, 龚立超1, 孙红7,*()   

  1. 1 首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科 北京市 100053
    2 内蒙古自治区赤峰市医院神经外科 赤峰市 024000
    3 内蒙古医科大学护理学院 呼和浩特市 010059
    4 北京大学人民医院重症医学科 北京市 100044
    5 中日友好医院重症医学科 北京市 100029
    6 吉林大学第一医院神经内科 长春市 130021
    7 中国医学科学院北京协和医院组织处 北京市 100730
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-01
  • 通讯作者: *孙红，E-mail：sunhong9937@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘芳：女，本科，主任护师，护士长，E-mail：liufangbeijing@sina.com
    作者贡献声明

    刘芳：研究方案设计、实施及文章撰写；李梦楠、安纪辉：文献检索、论文修改；王玥、申艳玲：数据整理、质量评价；李佩瑶、杨淅雯：采集数据、分析解释数据；梅爱英、王宇娇、龚立超：酝酿和设计、数据整理和文章修改；孙红：研究指导及支持

A qualitative study on the training experiences and expectations for professional development of critical care advanced practice nurses

LIU Fang1(), LI Mengnan2, AN Jihui3, WANG Yue4, LI Peiyao4, SHEN Yanling5, YANG Xiwen5, MEI Aiying1, WANG Yujiao6, GONG Lichao1, SUN Hong7,*()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology， Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University， Beijing 100053， China
    2 Department of Neurosurgery， Chifeng City Hospital， Chifeng 024000， China
    3 School of Nursing， Inner Mongolia Medical University， Hohhot 010059， China
    4 Department of Critical Care Medicine， Peking University People’s Hospital， Beijing 100044， China
    5 Department of Critical Care Medicine， China-Japan Friendship Hospital， Beijing 100029， China
    6 Department of Neurology， the First Hospital of Jilin University， Changchun 130021， China
    7 Department of Organisation， Peking Union Medical College Hospital，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences， Beijing 100730， China
  • Received:2025-11-25 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-01
  • Contact: *SUN Hong，E-mail：sunhong9937@163.com

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摘要：

目的 探讨重症高级实践护士（advanced practice nurse，APN）在培训期间的角色体验，了解其在能力转化及专业发展方面的期望，为促进重症APN角色转换与专业发展提供参考依据。方法 通过描述性现象学质性研究方法，采用目的抽样法于2024年11月15日—29日选取全国不同省市参与中华护理学会首届重症APN培训的15名学员作为研究对象，通过半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi现象学资料分析法对访谈内容进行整理与主题提炼。结果 共归纳出5个主题：角色认知与转换的期望；核心能力提升的期望；个体化培训的实践体验与感悟；培训对护理发展的成效及现实的挑战；专业发展所需的支持诉求。结论 该研究深入阐释了重症APN在培训期间所面临的压力、体验与发展的期望，反映了护士在角色认知、能力提高及个人专业素养方面亟待提升的迫切需求，为培训体系优化、角色定位、专业发展路径提供实证依据，为临床培训、岗位设置及政策完善提供参考。

关键词: 重症高级实践护士, 培训体验, 专业发展期望, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the role experiences during training among advanced practice nurses（APNs） in critical care，ascertain their expectations regarding competence transformation and professional development，and provide a reference basis for promoting the role transition and professional development of critical care APNs. Methods Using a descriptive phenomenological qualitative research methodology，purposive sampling was conducted to select 15 participants from various provinces and cities across China who had completed a critical care advanced practice nurses training program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with these individuals from November 15 to 29，2024. Colaizzi’s phenomenological data analysis method was applied to organize the interview data and extract core themes. Results Five core themes were summarized as follows：Expectations regarding role cognition and transition；Expectations for core competency enhancement；Practical experiences and reflections on individualized training；Effectiveness of training in career development and its practical challenges；Support demands for professional development. Conclusion The study academically reveals the pressures，dilemmas and expectations for development encountered by critical care APNs during training and reflects their urgent needs for improvement in role cognition，competence enhancement and personal professional qualifications. It provides a reference basis for optimizing training system，role positioning，and professional development pathways，and serves as a reference for clinical training，job position design，and policy improvement.

Key words: Advanced Practice Nurse in Critical Care, Training Experience, Professional Development Expectations, Qualitative Research