ISSN 2097-6046（网络）
ISSN 2096-7446（印刷）
CN 10-1655/R
主管：中国科学技术协会
主办：中华护理学会
中华急危重症护理杂志

中华急危重症护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (5): 517-523.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.05.001

• 论著 •    下一篇

维持性血液透析患者衰弱前期多组分运动训练方案的构建及应用研究

应金萍1(), 陈玲琳1, 蔡根莲1, 张玉姣1, 张柳倩1, 章静1, 周金金1, 应雅泳2,*()   

  1. 1 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院护理部 杭州市 310003
    2 上海城建职业学院心理健康教研室 上海市 200000
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-29 出版日期:2026-05-10 发布日期:2026-04-28
  • 通讯作者: *应雅泳，E-mail：30625126@qq.com
  • 作者简介:应金萍：女，本科，副主任护师，护士长，E-mail：1202099@zju.edu.cn
    第一联系人：

    应金萍：研究设计、统计分析、论文撰写；陈玲琳、蔡根莲、张玉姣、张柳倩：文献检索、实施研究、论文撰写；章静、周金金：数据采集；应雅泳：研究方案修改、论文指导

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省卫生健康科技计划(2024KY1007)

Construction and application of a multicomponent exercise training program for pre-frail patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

YING Jinping1(), CHEN Linglin1, CAI Genlian1, ZHANG Yujiao1, ZHANG Liuqian1, ZHANG Jing1, ZHOU Jinjin1, YING Yayong2,*()   

  1. 1 Nursing Department， the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Hangzhou 310003， China
    2 Mental Health Research Office， Shanghai Urban Construction College， Shanghai 200000， China
  • Received:2025-07-29 Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-04-28
  • Contact: *YING Yayong，E-mail：30625126@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project(2024KY1007)

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摘要：

目的 构建维持性血液透析患者衰弱前期多组分运动训练方案并评价其应用效果。方法 通过文献分析及德尔菲专家函询，构建多组分运动训练方案。采用便利抽样法，纳入2024年11月—12月浙江省某三级甲等医院维持性血液透析衰弱前期患者46例，随机分为试验组和对照组各23例。试验组采用多组分运动训练方案，对照组采用常规护理，比较两组衰弱相关指标。结果 构建的方案包括4个一级条目、10个二级条目和25个三级条目。方案初步应用结果显示，试验组衰弱发生率为4.3%，对照组衰弱发生率为26.1%。试验组衰弱总分、握力、身体活动量及疲乏发生率均优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 该研究构建的多组分运动训练方案有助于减少维持性血液透析患者衰弱的发生，提高患者的握力和身体活动量，缓解患者的疲乏。

关键词: 血液透析, 衰弱前期, 多组分运动, 德尔菲法, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To construct a multicomponent exercise training program for pre-frail patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） and explore its application effects. Methods The final multicomponent exercise training program was developed through literature analysis and Delphi expert consultation. 46 pre-frail MHD patients were selected by convenience sampling from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province between November 2024 and December 2024. And then they were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group，with 23 cases in each group. The experimental group received the multicomponent exercise training program，while the control group received conventional care. Frailty-related indicators were compared between the two groups. Results The constructed program included 4 first-level items，10 second-level items，and 25 third-level items. The preliminary application results of the program showed that the incidence of frailty was 26.1% in the control group and 4.3% in the experimental group. The experimental group was superior to the control group in frailty total score，grip strength，physical activity，and fatigue（P<0.05）. Conclusion The multicomponent exercise training program constructed in this study helps to reduce the occurrence of frailty，enhance the grip strength and physical activity levels，and alleviate fatigue in MHD patients.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Pre-Frailty, Multicomponent Exercise, Delphi Method, Nursing Care