主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.11.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求现状及影响因素，为制订患者个体化延续性护理实践方案提供参考。方法 2022年3月—6月采用便利抽样法，选取湖北省武汉市某三级甲等综合医院心脏大血管外科即将出院的222例主动脉夹层术后患者，应用自制的主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求问卷进行调查。结果主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求问卷总分为（116.81±12.54）分，总条目均分为（3.77±0.40）分，条目均分最高的维度是安全需求，其次是爱与归属需求、生理需求。主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理服务渠道中，电话随访需求最高，为168例（75.67%），服务人员多选择住院医院的医护人员，为152例（68.47%）；服务开始时间多为出院后2周内，为154例（69.37%），服务频率多为每月1次，为176例（79.28%），服务持续时间多为6个月，为94例（42.34%），129例（58.11%）患者愿付费，其中78例（60.47%）患者选择按项目收费。多因素分析结果显示，主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求的影响因素为年龄、文化程度、在职、家庭人均月收入、开放手术（P<0.05）。结论主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求处于中等偏高需要程度，其中安全需求最为显著，患者延续性护理服务方式需求呈现多样化，受多种因素影响。提示医护人员应积极开展针对性、多样化的延续性护理服务，以满足患者个体化需求。

关键词: 主动脉夹层, 延续性护理, 护理需求, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of transitional care needs of patients after surgery for aortic dissection，with a view to developing an optimal continuity of care practice program for patients. Methods Using convenience sampling，222 patients after surgery for aortic dissection who were about to be discharged from the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of a tertiary class A general hospital in Wuhan，Hubei Province，from March 2022 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects，and a self-designed questionnaire on the transitional care needs of patients after surgery for aortic dissection was applied to conduct the survey. Results In this study，the total of transitional care needs of patient after surgery for aortic dissection was（116.8±112.54） and the mean score of the total entries was（3.77±0.40）. The item with the highest mean score of each dimension was the need for safety，followed by love and belonging needs，and physiological needs. The highest demand for service channels in the transitional care for patient after surgery for aortic dissection was telephone follow-up，with 168 cases（75.67%）. The need of staff for transitional care service was mostly the medical and nursing staff of the inpatient hospital，accounting for 152 cases（68.47%）. The start of the transitional care service was mostly within 2 weeks after discharge from the hospital，accounting for 154 cases（69.37%）. The frequency of transitional care services was mostly once every 1 month，accounting for 176 cases（79.28%），and the duration of transitional care was mostly 6 months，accounting for 94 cases（42.34%）. 129 patients（58.11%） were willing to pay for transitional care services，of which the majority of patients chose to pay by item，accounting for 78 cases（60.47%）. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the factors influencing the scores of patients' transitional care needs were age，education level，employment，per capita monthly household income，and open surgery（P<0.05）. Conclusion The transitional care needs for patient after surgery for aortic dissection is moderately high，with the need for safety being the most significant，and the ways in which patients' transitional care needs services are diverse. The transitional care needs for patient after surgery for aortic dissection is influenced by multiple factors. This suggests that healthcare professionals should actively develop targeted and diversified transitional care services to meet the individual needs of patients.

Key words: Aortic Dissection, Transitional Care, Nursing Needs, Influencing Factors

张玉芬, 汪晖, 胡凯利, 吴前胜. 主动脉夹层术后患者延续性护理需求现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(11): 1328-1334.

ZHANG Yufen, WANG Hui, HU Kaili, WU Qiansheng. Current situation and influencing factors of transitional care needs among patients after surgery for aortic dissection[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(11): 1328-1334.

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