儿童肝移植术后认知功能评估工具研究的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.10.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对儿童肝移植术后认知功能的评估工具相关研究进行范围综述。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库，检索时限为建库至2025年3月18日。根据制订的纳入和排除标准，筛选文献并提取相关信息。结果共纳入25篇文献，共有25种评估工具，7种类型。较为常用的是韦氏学前和小学智力量表第三版、韦氏儿童智力量表第四版、布克特尼卡视觉—运动统合发展测验、儿童日常生活认知功能量表和贝利婴幼儿发展量表。结论儿童肝移植术后认知功能评估工具种类繁多，信效度有待进一步验证。建议研究者根据中国国情和肝移植患儿术后特点，制订具有针对性的儿童肝移植术后认知功能的评估量表。

关键词: 儿童, 肝移植, 认知, 认知功能障碍, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective A scoping review was conducted on the relevant content of assessment tools for cognitive function after liver transplantation in children. Methods Studies were searched from databases of PubMed，Embase，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，CINAHL，SinoMed，CNKI，WanFang，and VIP from inception to March 2025. Literature was screened and literature-related information was extracted according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results A total of 25 articles were included，with a total of 25 assessment tools and 7 types. The most commonly used were the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Intelligence Scale 3rd Edition，the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th Edition，Beery-Buktenica Visual-Motor Integration Test，Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory^TM Cognitive Functioning Scale，Bayley scale of infant development. Conclusion There are a wide variety of cognitive function assessment tools after liver transplantation，and the reliability and validity need to be further verified. It is suggested that researchers should develop a targeted assessment scale for cognitive function after liver transplantation according to the national conditions of China and the clinical characteristics of children with liver transplantation.

Key words: Child, Liver Transplantation, Cognition, Cognitive Dysfunction, Scoping Review

黄司睿, 叶俊杰, 边玉凤, 和娇娇, 王莹. 儿童肝移植术后认知功能评估工具研究的范围综述[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(10): 1261-1268.

HUANG Sirui, YE Junjie, BIAN Yufeng, HE Jiaojiao, WANG Ying. The assessment tools of cognitive function for children after liver transplantation：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(10): 1261-1268.

图/表 2

参考文献 40

[1]	陆晔峰, 金晶, 胡美琴. 肝移植患儿术后生长发育及心理状况调查[J]. 护理研究, 2022, 36(23):4248-4252.
	Lu YF, Jin J, Hu MQ. Investigation on the growth and psycho-logical status of pediatric patients after liver transplantation[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2022, 36(23):4248-4252.
[2]	Ohnemus D, Neighbors K, Rychlik K, et al. Health-related qua-lity of life and cognitive functioning in pediatric liver trans-plant recipients[J]. Liver Tran-spl, 2020, 26(1):9-11.
[3]	Patterson C, Gold A, So S, et al. Long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes following liver transplantation for metabolic disease-a single centre experience[J]. J Inherit Metab Dis, 2025, 48(1):e12785.
[4]	于洪丽, 喻文立, 刘云霞, 等. 活体肝移植术对胆道闭锁患儿术后谵妄和认知障碍及预后的影响[J]. 中华器官移植杂志, 2021, 42(1):34-38.
	Yu HL, Yu WL, Liu YX, et al. Effects of living donor liver transplantation on postoperative delirium,cognitive impairment and prognosis in children with biliary atresia[J]. Chin J Organ Transplant, 2021, 42(1):34-38.
[5]	Sorensen LG, Neighbors K, Martz K, et al. Cognitive and acade-mic outcomes after pediatric liver transplantation:Functional Outcomes Group(FOG) results[J]. Am J Transplant, 2011, 11(2):303-311. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03363.x pmid: 21272236
[6]	徐建光, 单春雷, 敖丽娟, 等. 虚拟现实技术应用于认知功能康复的专家共识[J] 中国康复医学杂志, 2024, 39(5):609-617.
	Xu JG, Shan CL, Ao LJ, et al. Expert consensus on the application of virtual reality technology in cognitive function rehabilitation[J]. Chin J Rehabil Med, 2024, 39(5):609-617.
[7]	苗晓蕾, 吴延, 吴安石. 肝移植术后神经系统及神经认知相关并发症的研究进展[J]. 器官移植, 2020, 11(3):424-430.
	Miao XL, Wu Y, Wu AS. Research progress of nervous system and neurocognition-related complications after liver transplan-tation[J]. Organ Transplant, 2020, 11(3):424-430.
[8]	Lockwood C, Dos Santos KB, Pap R. Practical guidance for know-ledge synthesis:scoping review methods[J]. Asian Nurs Res, 2019, 13(5):287-294. doi: S1976-1317(19)30525-0 pmid: 31756513
[9]	Wang TG, Hu Y, Zhang ZZ, et al. Cognitive function of children with biliary atresia after primary living donor liver transplan-tation[J]. BMC Pediatr, 2024, 24(1):380.
[10]	Østensen AB, Skarbø AB, Sanengen T, et al. Impaired neuro-cognitive performance in children after liver transplantation[J]. 2022,243:135-141.e2.
[11]	李嘉晔, 陆晔峰. 儿童活体肝移植术后5年认知水平的调查研究[J]. 实用器官移植电子杂志, 2022, 10(1):41-47.
	Li JY, Lu YF. Investigation on cognitive level of children after living donor liver transplantation[J]. Pract J Organ Tran-splant Electron Version, 2022, 10(1):41-47.
[12]	Goldschmidt I, van Dick R, Jacobi C, et al. Identification of impaired executive functioning after pediatric liver transplan-tation using two short and easily applicable tests:cognitive functioning module PedsQL and children’s color trail test[J]. Children, 2021, 8(7):571.
[13]	Getsuwan S, Chuthapisith J, Treepongkaruna S, et al. Behavior problems and cognitive function in pediatric liver transplant recipients[J]. Transplant Proc, 2021, 53(2):649-655.
[14]	Eder B, Melter M, Gabler V, et al. Risk factors associated with cognitive impairment in patients after pediatric liver trans-plantation[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2021, 25(2):e13879.
[15]	Joffe AR, Wong K, Bond GY, et al. Kindergarten-age neurocog-nitive,functional,and quality-of-life outcomes after liver trans-plantation at under 6 years of age[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2020, 24(2):e13624.
[16]	Jain-Ghai S, Joffe AR, Bond GY, et al. Pre-school neurocog-nitive and functional outcomes after liver transplant in children with early onset urea cycle disorders,maple syrup urine disease,and propionic acidemia:an inception cohort matched-comparison study[J]. JIMD Rep, 2020, 52(1):43-54. doi: 10.1002/jmd2.12095 pmid: 32154059
[17]	Sun Y, Jia LL, Yu HL, et al. The effect of pediatric living donor liver transplantation on neurocognitive outcomes in children[J]. Ann Transplant, 2019,24:446-453.
[18]	Crowe L, Anderson V, Hardikar W, et al. Cognitive and beha-vioural outcomes of paediatric liver transplantation for orni-thine transcarbamylase deficiency[J]. JIMD Rep, 2019,43:19-25.
[19]	朱辉, 蒋旭亮, 黄莉莉, 等. 小儿肝移植术后远期认知功能的转归:年龄因素在其中的作用[J]. 中华麻醉学杂志, 2019(10):1165-1167.
	Zhu H, Jiang XL, Huang LL, et al. Outcome of long-term cognitive function after liver transplantation in children:role of age factor[J]. Chin J Anesthesiol, 2019(10):1165-1167.
[20]	Afshar S, Porter M, Barton B, et al. Intellectual and academic outcomes after pediatric liver transplantation:Relationship with transplant-related factors[J]. Am J Transplant, 2018, 18(9):2229-2237.
[21]	孙英, 于洪丽, 喻文立, 等. 肝移植对胆道闭锁患儿神经认知功能的影响[J]. 中华器官移植杂志, 2017, 38(4):229-233.
	Sun Y, Yu HL, Yu WL, et al. The effect of liver transplan-tation on the neurocognitive function of children with biliary atresia[J]. Chin J Organ Transplant, 2017, 38(4):229-233.
[22]	Sorensen LG, Neighbors K, Martz K, et al. Longitudinal study of cognitive and academic outcomes after pediatric liver tran-splantation[J]. 2014, 165(1):65-72.e2.
[23]	Ee LC, Lloyd O, Beale K, et al. Academic potential and cogni-tive functioning of long-term survivors after childhood liver transplantation[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2014, 18(3):272-279. doi: 10.1111/petr.12246 pmid: 24646364
[24]	Robertson CMT, Dinu IA, Joffe AR, et al. Neurocognitive out-comes at kindergarten entry after liver transplantation at <3 yr of age[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2013, 17(7):621-630. doi: 10.1111/petr.12134 pmid: 23961979
[25]	Posfay-Barbe KM, Barbe RP, Wetterwald R, et al. Parental fun-ctioning improves the developmental quotient of pediatric liver transplant recipients[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2013, 17(4):355-361. doi: 10.1111/petr.12080 pmid: 23586400
[26]	Alonso EM, Martz K, Wang DL, et al. Factors predicting health-related quality of life in pediatric liver transplant recipients in the functional outcomes group[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2013, 17(7):605-611. doi: 10.1111/petr.12126 pmid: 23902630
[27]	Varni JW, Limbers CA, Sorensen LG, et al. PedsQL^TM Cognitive Functioning Scale in pediatric liver transplant recipients:feasibility,reliability,and validity[J]. Qual Life Res, 2011, 20(6):913-921.
[28]	Kaller T, Langguth N, Ganschow R, et al. Attention and execu-tive functioning deficits in liver-transplanted children[J]. Tran-splantation, 2010, 90(12):1567-1573.
[29]	Gilmour S, Adkins R, Liddell GA, et al. Assessment of psy-choeducational outcomes after pediatric liver transplant[J]. Am J Transplant, 2009, 9(2):294-300. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02480.x pmid: 19067656
[30]	Krull K, Fuchs C, Yurk H, et al. Neurocognitive outcome in pe-diatric liver transplant recipients[J]. Pediatr Transplant, 2003, 7(2):111-118.
[31]	David Wechsler. Technical and interpretive manual supple-ment:special group validity studies with other measures and additional tables[R/OL].(2014)[2025-01-16]. https://www.pearsonclinical.in/content/dam/school/global/clinical/us/assets/wi-sc-v/wisc-v-tech-manual-supplement.pdf.
[32]	陈娆. 韦氏成人智力量表和儿童智力量表第四版中文版的衔接研究[D]. 唐山: 河北联合大学, 2014.
	Chen R. A study on the cohesion between Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Chinese version of the fourth edi-tion of Children Intelligence Scale[D]. Tangshan: Hebei United University, 2014.
[33]	王炜, 王鲁宁. “蒙特利尔认知评估量表”在轻度认知损伤患者筛查中的应用[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2007, 46(5):414-416.
	Wang W, Wang LN. Application of the "Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale" in the screening of patients with mild cognitive impairment[J]. Chin J Inter Med, 2007, 46(5):414-416.
[34]	Tso WY, Wong VN, Xia X, et al. The griffiths development sca-les-Chinese(GDS-C):a cross-cultural comparison of develop-mental trajectories between Chinese and British children[J]. Child Care Health Dev, 2018, 44(3):378-383.
[35]	任宁, 梁政波, 夏玮, 等. 贝利婴幼儿发展量表的临床应用进展[J]. 护理学杂志, 2017, 32(15):99-102.
	Ren N, Liang ZB, Xia W, et al. Clinical application of bayley scales of infant and toddler development:a literature review[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2017, 32(15):99-102.
[36]	王丽英, 丁焱, 张易, 等. 卵巢癌患者癌症相关性认知功能障碍现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(14):1726-1733. doi: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.14.009
	Wang LY, Ding Y, Zhang Y, et al. The status and influencing factors of cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with ovarian cancer[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2023, 58(14):1726-1733. doi: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.14.009
[37]	赵瑾珠, 唐丽娜, 何天祎, 等. 韦氏幼儿智力量表第4版语言理解指数在孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言能力评估中的应用[J]. 中国实用儿科杂志, 2023, 38(1):41-44,57.
	Zhao JZ, Tang LN, He TY, et al. Application value of WPPSI-Ⅳ language comprehension index in the assessment of language ability in children with autism spectrum disorder[J]. Chin J Pract Pediatr, 2023, 38(1):41-44,57.
[38]	Samara A, Feng KY, Terry Pivik R, et al. White matter mic-rostructure correlates with memory performance in healthy children:a diffusion tensor imaging study[J]. J Neuroimaging, 2019, 29(2):233-241. doi: 10.1111/jon.12580 pmid: 30398295
[39]	Wiebe DJ, Berg CA, Munion AK, et al. Executive functioning,daily self-regulation,and diabetes management while transitio-ning into emerging adulthood[J]. Ann Behav Med, 2023, 57(8):676-686.
[40]	沈子颜, 王艳, 唐诗, 等. 肝移植儿童照护者疾病进展担忧现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中国护理管理, 2024, 24(11):1641-1645.
	Shen ZY, Wang Y, Tang S, et al. Fear of progression of caregivers of children receiving liver transplantation and its influencing factors[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2024, 24(11):1641-1645.