ICU护理质量评价指标应用与发展的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.06.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于三维质量结构模式对国内外ICU护理质量评价指标的名称、内容、频次等进行范围综述，为构建适合国内环境的ICU护理质量评价指标提供参考。方法以Arksey和O`Malley提出的研究框架为基础，计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane、中国知网、万方数据库等，检索时限为建库至2024年4月15日，数据选择和图表绘制由两名研究者完成，运用质性内容分析方法对提取内容定性概括。结果共纳入18篇文献。纳入的研究多以Donabedian模型（55.56%）为理论框架，形成指标条目的基本方法多是在文献回顾的基础上（72.22%），通过德尔菲专家函询（88.89%），最终获得评价指标包含1级指标3项，2级指标15项，3级指标115项，累计频次784次。结论国内ICU护理质量评价指标向循证化、科学化、专业化方向发展，但仍与国外指标体系存在差异，需进一步加强结构质量投入的数量和质量，重点关注过程质量中的基础护理及护理操作，强调“以患者为中心”的结果质量，建设高质量、可操作、本土化的新型ICU护理质量评价指标。

关键词: ICU, 护理质量, 评价指标, 范围综述

Abstract:

Objective Based on the three-dimensional quality structure model，a scoping review of the names，contents，and frequencies of ICU nursing quality evaluation indicators at home and abroad were conducted to provide reference for the construction of evaluation indicators of ICU nursing quality which is suitable for Chinese environment. Methods Based on the research framework proposed by Arksey and O`Malley，we searched PubMed，Embase，Web of science，Cochrane，China Knowledge Network，Wanfang database，from the establishment of the database to April 15，2024. Data selection and graphing was done by two researchers，using qualitative content analysis methods to qualitatively summarize the extracted contents. Results 18 articles were finally included. Most of the included studies used the Donabedian model（55.56%） as the theoretical framework. The basic method to form the indicators was mostly based on the literature review（72.22%），and then Delphi expert correspondence（88.89%），ultimately resulting in 3 first-level indicators，15 second-level indicators，and 115 third-level indicators，with a cumulative frequency of 784. Conclusion Evaluation indicators of ICU nursing quality have developed in the direction of evidence-based，scientific and professionalization，but there are still differences with the foreign index system，so it is necessary to further strengthen the quantity and quality of structural quality inputs，focusing on basic nursing care and nursing operations in process quality，while emphasizing the “patient-centered” outcome quality. In the future，we need to build a new type of high-quality，operable，and localized evaluation indicators for ICU nursing quality.

Key words: ICU, Nursing Quality, Evaluation Indicators, Scoping Review

熊星羽, 张丹丹, 成守珍. ICU护理质量评价指标应用与发展的范围综述[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(6): 758-764.

XIONG Xingyu, ZHANG Dandan, CHENG Shouzhen. Application and development of of ICU nursing quality evaluation indicators：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(6): 758-764.

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