ICU护士幸福感的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/jissn.2096-7446.2025.06.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探索ICU护士心盛的潜在剖面和影响因素，为提高该护士群体幸福感水平提供依据。方法 2023年11月—12月，采用一般资料调查表、心盛量表、疲劳量表和专业生活品质量表，便利选取江苏省5所三级甲等医院的243名ICU护士进行问卷调查。采用潜在剖面分析方法对ICU护士的心盛状态进行分类，并通过单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析探讨不同潜在剖面的影响因素。结果该护士群体心盛状态可分为2个潜在剖面，包括低心盛水平-低兴趣组（45.7%）和高心盛水平-均衡组（54.3%）。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，日均睡眠时间、疲劳和共情疲劳是心盛潜在剖面的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论 ICU护士心盛状态存在异质性，护理管理者可根据ICU护士的不同心盛特征采取针对性的对策，重点关注存在睡眠障碍、疲劳和共情疲劳的护士，提高ICU护士的幸福感水平，以保障护理服务质量。

关键词: 重症监护病房, 护士, 心盛, 疲劳, 共情疲劳, 潜在剖面分析, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the latent profile and influencing factors of the flourishing of intensive care unit（ICU） nurses，and to provide a basis for improving the level of happiness among ICU nurses. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 243 ICU nurses in Jiangsu Province using general information questionnaires，the Flourishing Scale，the Fatigue Scale，and the Professional Quality of Life Scale from November to December of 2023. The categories of ICU nurses’ flourishing were analyzed through latent profile analysis，and the influencing factors of different latent profiles were explored through single-factor analysis and binary logistic regression analysis. Results The flourishing state of the nurses can be categorized into two latent profiles，including the low flourishing level-low interest group（45.7%） and the high flourishing level-balanced group（54.3%）. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that average daily sleep time，fatigue，and empathy fatigue were influencing factors of latent profiles（all P<0.05）. Conclusion There is heterogeneity in the flourishing state among ICU nurses. Nursing managers should adopt targeted strategies based on the distinct flourishing characteristics of ICU nurses，with a particular focus on those who exhibit sleep disorders，fatigue，and empathy fatigue to improve their level of happiness，thereby ensuring the quality of nursing services.

Key words: Intensive Care Units, Nurses, Flourishing, Fatigue, Empathy Fatigue, Latent Profile Analysis, Nursing Administration Research

贾燕, 许勤, 卢红, 胡洁蔓, 王丽琴, 姚汶君. ICU护士幸福感的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(6): 725-730.

JIA Yan, XU Qin, LU Hong, HU Jieman, WANG Liqin, YAO Wenjun. Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of happiness of ICU nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(6): 725-730.

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