成人心肌炎患者症状体验及多维度应对的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.09.010

中华急危重症护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (9): 1096-1100.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.09.010

成人心肌炎患者症状体验及多维度应对的质性研究

钟晨晨(), 张丽萍, 文佳祺, 叶燕, 刘于^*()

华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院护理部武汉市 430030

收稿日期:2025-12-16 出版日期:2026-09-10 发布日期:2026-08-31
通讯作者: *刘于，E-mail：504443342@qq.com
作者简介:钟晨晨：女，本科（硕士在读），护师，E-mail：644329277@qq.com
作者贡献声明
钟晨晨：研究实施、资料分析、论文撰写；张丽萍、文佳祺：研究实施、资料分析；叶燕：资料分析；刘于：研究指导、论文修改

A qualitative study on the symptom experience and multi-dimensional coping strategies of adult patients with myocarditis

ZHONG Chenchen(), ZHANG Liping, WEN Jiaqi, YE Yan, LIU Yu^*()

Department of Nursing， Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College，Huazhong University of Science and Technology， Wuhan 430030， China

Received:2025-12-16 Online:2026-09-10 Published:2026-08-31
Contact: * LIU Yu，E-mail：504443342@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于症状体验模型（symptom experience model，SEM），探讨成人心肌炎患者的症状体验及应对策略，为制订个性化护理干预措施提供依据。方法采用描述性质性研究方法，通过目的抽样法选取2025年1月—4月武汉市某三级甲等医院收治的15例心肌炎患者进行半结构化访谈，依据SEM理论框架设计访谈提纲，采用定向内容分析法对资料进行分析。结果成人心肌炎患者的症状体验可归纳为3个主题和9个副主题。①症状归因：初期心肌炎相关知识缺乏、病情迅速进展、就诊过程曲折。②症状感知：躯体症状显著（感冒样症状、胸部症状与濒死感、全身性症状紊乱）；负性情绪困扰（侥幸心理、焦虑恐惧、应激相关障碍）；社会身份剥离（社会角色中断、社会价值悬置）。③症状应对：被动调节、寻求平衡、创伤后成长。结论成人心肌炎患者的症状体验复杂且隐匿，未来需制订整合早期判断、生理干预、情绪支持及社会功能恢复的个性化方案，优化患者护理效果。

关键词: 心肌炎, 症状体验, 定性研究, 危重病护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore symptom experiences and coping strategies in adult myocarditis patients using the Symptom Experience Model（SEM），addressing a domestic research gap and informing personalized nursing. Methods A descriptive qualitative research method was employed，involving purposeful sampling to select 15 myocarditis patients admitted to a tertiary Grade A hospital in Wuhan from January to April 2025 for semi-structured interviews. The interview outline was designed based on the SEM，and the data were analyzed using directed content analysis. Results Three main themes and nine sub-themes were summarized.①Symptom attribution：lack of initial knowledge，rapid progression，tortuous medical seeking.②Symptom perception：significant somatic symptoms（cold-like，chest symptoms with doom，systemic disturbances）；negative emotions（psychological fortuitism，anxiety and fear，stress disorders）；social identity disconnection（interrupted roles，suspended values）.③Symptom coping：passive regulation，seeking balance，post-traumatic growth. Conclusion The symptom experience of adult myocarditis patients is complex and insidious. In the future，it is necessary to develop personalized plans that integrate physiological rehabilitation，emotional support，and social function recovery to optimize patient care outcomes.

Key words: Myocarditis, Symptom Experience, Qualitative Research, Critical Care Nursing

钟晨晨, 张丽萍, 文佳祺, 叶燕, 刘于. 成人心肌炎患者症状体验及多维度应对的质性研究[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(9): 1096-1100.

ZHONG Chenchen, ZHANG Liping, WEN Jiaqi, YE Yan, LIU Yu. A qualitative study on the symptom experience and multi-dimensional coping strategies of adult patients with myocarditis[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(9): 1096-1100.

图/表 1

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成人心肌炎患者症状体验及多维度应对的质性研究

A qualitative study on the symptom experience and multi-dimensional coping strategies of adult patients with myocarditis

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