急诊科护士伦理胜任力现状及其影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨急诊科护士伦理胜任力的现状及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查，于2024年4月—6月便利抽取深圳市、福州市、漳州市、珠海市5所三级甲等医院急诊科共623名护士为研究对象，使用一般资料调查表、伦理胜任力支持量表（48个条目）、伦理胜任力量表（27个条目）及伦理安全量表（11个条目）进行在线问卷调查。结果急诊科护士伦理胜任力支持、伦理胜任力、伦理安全的高水平占比分别为72.23%、70.14%、60.51%。多因素分析显示，伦理胜任力支持的影响因素为学历、职称、工作年限、参加过伦理相关培训、家属从事伦理相关工作及遇到过伦理相关问题（P<0.05）；伦理胜任力的影响因素为学历、职称、工作年限、护士层级、参加过伦理相关培训、家属从事伦理相关工作及主动获取伦理知识（P<0.05）；伦理安全的影响因素为学历、职称、工作年限、护士层级、参加过伦理相关培训、家属从事伦理相关工作及主动获取伦理知识（P<0.05）。结论急诊科护士的伦理胜任力总体处于较高水平，但伦理安全有待加强。管理者应强化系统化伦理培训、构建支持性伦理环境；护士个人应主动学习伦理知识、积极反思伦理实践，以全面提升伦理胜任力与职业素养。

关键词: 急诊科护士, 伦理胜任力, 伦理安全, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of ethical competence among emergency department nurses. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenience sample of 623 nurses from the emergency departments of five tertiary hospitals in Shenzhen，Fuzhou，Zhangzhou，and Zhuhai. Data were collected online using a general information questionnaire，the Ethical Competence Support scale（48 items），the Ethical Competence scale（27 items），and the Ethical Safety scale（11 items）. Results The high-level proportions for ethical competence support，ethical competence，and ethical safety among emergency department nurses were 72.23%，70.14%，and 60.51%，respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of ethical competence support were educational background，professional title，working years，having participated in ethical-related training，family members engaged in ethical-related work，and encountering ethical-related issues（P<0.05）. The influencing factors of ethical competence were educational background，professional title，working years，nurse rank，having participated in ethical-related training，family members engaged in ethical-related work，and actively acquiring ethical knowledge（P<0.05）. The influencing factors of ethical safety were educational background，professional title，working years，nurse rank，having participated in ethical-related training，family members engaged in ethical-related work，and actively acquiring ethical knowledge（P<0.05）. Conclusion The overall level of ethical competence among emergency nurses is good，but ethical safety needs improvement. Managers should strengthen systematic ethics education and build supportive ethical environments；nurses themselves should proactively acquire ethics knowledge and reflect on ethical practices to comprehensively enhance their ethical competence and professional identity.

Key words: Emergency Nurses, Ethical Competence, Ethical Safety, Influencing Factor

黄水秀, 梁莉, 张伟, 徐鋆卉, 赵宇. 急诊科护士伦理胜任力现状及其影响因素研究[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(4): 432-439.

HUANG Shuixiu, LIANG Li, ZHANG Wei, XU Junhui, ZHAO Yu. Research on the current status and influencing factors of ethical competence of emergency department nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(4): 432-439.

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