肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫及疫苗接种知识行为的现状调查

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫及知识行为的现状，为规范肝移植术后患儿疫苗接种提供参考。方法采用连续抽样法，于2023年10月—2024年6月选取浙江省某三级甲等医院的156名肝移植术后住院的患儿家长作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、儿童家长疫苗接种犹豫量表、儿童家长疫苗接种知识量表、儿童家长疫苗接种行为量表进行现场问卷调查，采用单因素分析及相关性分析方法，分析肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫的影响因素。结果肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫量表得分为（37.58±16.17）分，肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗接种知识得分为（10.41±3.40）分，疫苗接种行为得分为60.00（53.00，64.00）分。单因素分析结果显示，肝移植患儿年龄及手术后时间对家长疫苗犹豫得分的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫得分与疫苗接种行为得分、疫苗接种知识得分呈负相关，肝移植患儿家长疫苗接种行为得分与疫苗接种知识得分呈正相关（P<0.01）。结论肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫程度较高，知识水平不足，疫苗接种行为有待加强。临床护理工作中应重视肝移植术后患儿疫苗接种问题，前移疫苗接种宣教时机，入院后早期即开始通过多种沟通模式减少患儿家长疫苗犹豫，线上线下共同干预提高患儿家长疫苗接种知识水平，建立社会支持系统、信息化干预改善疫苗接种行为，以提高家长对患儿疫苗接种的依从性。

关键词: 肝移植, 疫苗接种, 疫苗犹豫, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current situation of vaccine hesitancy，knowledge and behavior among parents of children after liver transplantation，and provide reference for standardizing vaccine administration for children after liver transplantation. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 156 parents of hospitalized children after liver transplantation from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province from October 2023 to June 2024 as the survey subjects. General information survey form，Child Parent Vaccine Hesitancy Scale，Child Parent Vaccine Knowledge Scale，and Child Parent Vaccine Behavior Scale were used for on-site questionnaire surveys. Univariate factor analysis and correlation analysis were conducted to investigate the influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy among parents of children after liver transplantation. Results The score of the vaccine hesitancy scale for parents of children after liver transplantation was （37.58±16.17） points，the score of vaccination knowledge for parents of children after liver transplantation was （10.41±3.40） points. The median vaccination behavior score was 60.00（53.00，64.00）. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference（P<0.05） in the vaccine hesitancy score of parents among children undergoing liver transplantation based on age and postoperative time. The vaccine hesitancy score for parents of children undergoing liver transplantation was negatively correlated with the vaccination behavior score and vaccination knowledge score，while the vaccination behavior score was positively correlated with the vaccination knowledge score（P<0.01）. Conclusion Parents of children after liver transplantation have a high degree of vaccine hesitancy，insufficient knowledge level，and their vaccination behavior needs to be strengthened. In clinical nursing work，attention should be paid to the issue of vaccination for children after liver transplantation，and the timing of vaccination education should be moved forward. Various communication modes should be used to reduce parents’ vaccine hesitancy early upon hospital admission，and online and offline joint interventions should be carried out to improve parents’ knowledge of vaccination. A social support system and information technology intervention should be established to improve vaccination behavior and enhance parents’ compliance with vaccination for children.

Key words: Liver Transplantation, Vaccination, Vaccine Hesitancy, Pediatric Nursing

王芳, 吴静韵, 卢芳燕, 王燕. 肝移植术后患儿家长疫苗犹豫及疫苗接种知识行为的现状调查[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(1): 42-48.

WANG Fang, WU Jingyun, LU Fangyan, WANG Yan. A survey on vaccine hesitation and vaccination knowledge and behavior among parents of children after liver transplantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(1): 42-48.

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