Abstract:

Objective To identify potential categories of readiness for hospital discharge in patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI），and comprehensively analyze its heterogeneous characteristics and key influencing factors to establish a theoretical foundation and delineate practical pathways for personalized discharge guidance and sustained care interventions. Methods Using the convenient sampling method，AMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） in the Department of Cardiology of a tertiary general hospital in Shanghai from January to June 2024 were investigated. Data were collected on the day of discharge using paper questionnaires，including general information，the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale，and the Chinese version of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale. Latent profile analysis based on three dimensions of the discharge readiness scale was used to identify the optimal classification. Univariate analysis and multivariate ordinal logistic regression were performed to explore factors influencing latent categories. Results 202 patients were included for data analysis. Three latent categories of discharge readiness were identified：low coping ability group （n=53，26.24%），low expected support group（n=12，5.94%），and high readiness group（n=137，67.82%）. Multivariate ordered Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender，age，education level，marital status，and quality of discharge teaching were significant influencing factors of latent category membership（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Readiness for hospital discharge among patients with AMI after PCI is moderately high but heterogeneous. Healthcare providers should focus on the low coping ability and low expected support group，and implement stratified individualized interventions for these patients to enhance discharge readiness and post-discharge self-management.

Key words: Acute Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Readiness for Hospital Discharge, Latent Profile Analysis, Influencing Factor