Abstract:

Objective Explore the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer patients，and provide reference for medical staff to prevent postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer. Methods A case-control study using a 1 ∶ 3 ratio design was conducted to select 33 patients with postoperative pulmonary embolism in the Department of General Thoracic Surgery at a tertiary hospital in Ningxia from January 1 to December 31，2023 as the case group. 99 patients who underwent lung cancer surgery during the same period and did not develop postoperative pulmonary embolism were selected as the control group，matched 1 ∶ 3 according to age（±5 years），gender，and tumor stage. We collected the clinical data of the two groups，including the general information （such as BMI value，intraoperative bleeding，complications，operation time，etc.），tumor condition（including tumor stage，lymph node dissection group，etc.），preoperative laboratory indicators（D-dimer，prothrombin time，etc.） and content related to nursing work（Caprini score，whether to use plantar venous pump，etc.）. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting postoperative complicated pulmonary embolism in patients with lung cancer. Results The results of regression analysis showed that BMI value，early postoperative ambulation，presence of lower limb venous thrombosis，previous VTE history and delay of early postoperative mobilization were independent factors of postoperative pulmonary embolism in patients with lung cancer. Conclusion Lung cancer patients with higher BMI values，lower limb venous thrombosis，previous VTE，and delayed early postoperative mobilization are more likely to develop pulmonary embolism after surgery. It is strongly recommended that the thoracic surgery department introduce the improved Caprini scale for VTE risk assessment，refine the grading management of high-risk groups，and thereby reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary embolism in lung cancer patients.

Key words: Lung Neoplasms, Acute Pulmonary Embolism, Perioperative, Case-Control Studies, Nursing Care