急诊科护患暴力冲突降级措施的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.06.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的总结急诊科护患暴力冲突降级措施的相关证据，为临床提供实践依据。方法系统检索指南网站、专业协会网站及国内外数据库中有关急诊科护患暴力冲突降级措施的证据，检索时限为建库至2025年3月20日。纳入文献类型包括指南、证据总结、临床决策、最佳实践、系统评价和专家共识。由2名研究者独立进行文献质量评价、文献提取和整合。结果共纳入12篇文献，包括2篇指南、1篇临床决策、1篇专家共识及8篇系统评价。从沟通策略、情绪调节与支持、风险识别与评估、干预行动、维护安全5个维度整合形成38条证据。结论该研究总结了急诊科护患暴力冲突降级措施的循证证据，可为临床实践提供参考。实际应用中应结合科室情境和护士能力，并配合系统培训与制度保障，以提高实施可行性。

关键词: 急诊科, 护患冲突, 暴力降级, 证据总结, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To summarize evidence on de-escalation strategies for nurse-patient violence in emergency departments and provide a basis for clinical practice. Methods Evidence on de-escalation strategies for nurse-patient violence in emergency departments was systematically retrieved from guideline websites，professional association websites，and domestic and international databases，from inception to March 20，2025. Eligible evidence included guidelines，evidence summaries，clinical decision support，best practice recommendations，systematic reviews，and expert consensus. Two researchers independently conducted quality appraisal，evidence extraction，and synthesis. Results Twelve literature were included，including two guidelines，a clinical decision，an expert consensus，and eight systematic reviews. Evidence was categorized into 38 findings across five dimensions：communication strategies，emotion regulation and support，risk identification and assessment，intervention actions，and safety maintenance. Conclusion This study summarizes evidence-based de-escalation strategies for nurse-patient violence in emergency departments，offering guidance for clinical practice. In practical application，it should be combined with the departmental context and nurses’ competence，supported by systematic training and institutional guarantees，so as to improve the feasibility of implementation.

Key words: Emergency Department, Nurse-Patient Conflict, Violence De-escalation, Evidence Synthesis, Evidence-Based Nursing

陈若曦, 刘俐宏, 樊落, 王慧霞, 贾千会, 杨震, 樊凯盛, 汪袁云子. 急诊科护患暴力冲突降级措施的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(6): 748-754.

CHEN Ruoxi, LIU Lihong, FAN Luo, WANG Huixia, JIA Qianhui, YANG Zhen, FAN Kaisheng, WANG Yuanyunzi. Evidence summary of de-escalation measures for patient-nurse violence in emergency departments[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(6): 748-754.

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