酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发预防及管理的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.03.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的汇总酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发预防与管理的相关证据，并对最佳证据进行总结，为临床医护人员提供参考。方法按照“6S”证据模型，系统检索国内外数据库和网站中关于酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发预防与管理的证据，包括指南、临床决策、系统评价、证据总结、专家共识，检索时限为建库至2024年8月1日。由2名研究人员对文献质量进行评价，并对证据进行提取、评价与整合。结果共纳入文献12篇，包括临床决策2篇、指南5篇、专家共识1篇、系统评价4篇，汇总整理出22条最佳证据，涉及多学科团队、评估与监测、预防措施、非药物干预4个方面。结论该研究总结了酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发预防与管理的最佳证据，为开展护理实践提供循证依据，在后续证据转化过程中应结合国内临床具体情境，有针对性地选择证据，以预防酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发，改善其临床结局。

关键词: 肝移植, 酒精性肝病, 酒瘾复发, 证据总结, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To comprehensively search，evaluate and summarize the best evidence for prevention and management of alcohol relapse behavior in patients with alcoholic liver disease after liver transplantation，so as to provide a reference for clinical medical and nursing staff.Methods According to the 6S evidence model，domestic and foreign databases and websites were systematically searched for evidence on prevention and management of alcohol relapse behavior in patients with alcoholic liver disease after liver transplantation，including guidelines，clinical decisions，systematic reviews，evidence summaries，expert consensuses. The search time period was from the establishment of the database to August 1 2024. There were 2 researchers who evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted，evaluated，and integrated the evidence.Results A total of 12 articles were involved，including 2 clinical decision，5 clinical guidelines，1 expert consensus，4 systematic reviews，and 22 pieces of best evidence were summarized from 4 aspects，namely multidisciplinary team，evaluation and monitoring，preventive measures and non-drug interventions.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for prevention and management of alcohol relapse behavior in patients with alcoholic liver disease after liver transplantation，so as to provide evidence-based basis for nursing practice. In the subsequent evidence translation process，it is essential to select evidence tailored to the specific clinical context in China，aiming to prevent alcohol relapse behavior of patients with alcoholic liver disease after liver transplantation and improve their clinical outcomes.

Key words: Liver Transplantation, Alcoholic Liver Disease, Alcohol Relapse, Evidence Summary, Evidence-Based Nursing

孙慧慧, 丁锦平, 张瑜新, 郝小晨, 张丙良. 酒精性肝病患者肝移植术后酒瘾复发预防及管理的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(3): 350-357.

SUN Huihui, DING Jingping, ZHANG Yuxin, HAO Xiaochen, ZHANG Bingliang. Summary of the best evidence for prevention and management of alcohol relapse behavior in patients with alcoholic liver disease after liver transplantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(3): 350-357.

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