ICU护士安宁疗护能力现状及潜在剖面分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.01.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨ICU护士安宁疗护能力的潜在类别及其影响因素。方法于2025年3月1日—31日，采用便利抽样法选取山东省某三级甲等医院ICU内的117名护士为研究对象，以一般资料调查表、ICU护士安宁疗护能力量表为研究工具进行问卷调查，并对ICU护士安宁疗护能力进行潜在剖面分析，通过单因素分析及二元Logistic回归分析识别其潜在剖面的影响因素。结果 ICU护士安宁疗护能力量表得分为（101.32±16.54）分，安宁疗护能力分为高能力组（45.3%）、低能力组（54.7%）2个潜在剖面。单因素分析结果显示，年龄、职称、ICU工作年限、每周夜班数是ICU护士安宁疗护能力的影响因素（P<0.05）；二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，ICU工作年限、每周夜班数是ICU护士安宁疗护能力潜在剖面的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 ICU护士安宁疗护能力存在群体异质性，可分为2个潜在剖面。护理管理者可根据潜在剖面的影响因素制订针对性的改进措施，以提升ICU护士的安宁疗护能力。

关键词: ICU, 护士, 安宁疗护能力, 潜在剖面

Abstract:

Objective To explore the latent classes and influencing factors of palliative care competence among intensive care unit（ICU） nurses. Methods From March 1 to 31，2025，117 nurses from the ICU of a tertiary class A hospital in Shandong Province were selected as study participants using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire and the ICU Nurses’ Palliative Care Competence Scale. Latent profile analysis was conducted to assess the palliative care competence of ICU nurses，and univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were employed to identify the influencing factors of latent profiles. Results The mean score of the ICU Nurses’ Palliative Care Competence Scale was（101.32±16.54），and the palliative care competence was divided into two latent profiles：high competence group（45.3%） and low competence group （54.7%）. Univariate analysis revealed that age，professional title，years of ICU experience，and number of night shifts per week were significant factors influencing palliative care competence（P<0.05）. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that years of ICU experience and number of night shifts per week were significant factors influencing the latent profiles of palliative care competence（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is heterogeneity in palliative care competence among ICU nurses，which can be classified into two latent profiles. Nursing administrators can develop targeted improvement measures based on the influencing factors of latent profiles to enhance the palliative care competence of ICU nurses.

Key words: Intensive Care Unit, Nurses, Palliative Care Competence, Latent Profile

任广秀, 秦晓欣, 张彦芳, 王文冉, 韩超, 王守玺. ICU护士安宁疗护能力现状及潜在剖面分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(1): 89-95.

REN Guangxiu, QIN Xiaoxin, ZHANG Yanfang, WANG Wenran, HAN Chao, WANG Shouxi. The status and latent profile analysis of palliative care competence among nurses in intensive care unit[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(1): 89-95.

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