Objective To identify the risk factors of intra-abdominal hypertension among adult ICU patients by meta-analysis. Methods We searched databases including CNKI，Wanfang Data，VIP，CBM，Cochrane Library， PubMed，Web of Science and Embase from inception to December 2022，to collect studies on risk factors for intra- abdominal hypertension of adult ICU patients. 2 reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria，extracted data，and assessed the quality of included studies. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.4. Results A total of 17 pieces of the literature involving 3 250 adult ICU patients were included. The statistically risk factors were BMI（MD=3.09），24 h fluid input（MD=0.98），mechanical ventilation（OR= 3.40），PaO2 /FiO2 （MD=-17.18），APACHEⅡ Score （MD=4.04），sepsis （OR =2.42），intestinal obstruction （OR =11.67）， abdominal surgery （OR=2.10）. Conclusion Higher BMI，larger 24 h fluid input，higher APACHEⅡ Score，lower PaO2/ FiO2，mechanical ventilation，sepsis，intestinal obstruction and abdominal surgery were independent predictors for intra-abdominal hypertension in adult ICU patients. Medical staff should dynamically assess the intra-abdominal pressure and take targeted and individualized interventions to prevent the occurrence of intra-abdominal hypertension.