Abstract: Objective To search and summarize the best evidences for the management of the peri-extubation period for ICU adult patients with tracheal intubation，which will provide practical reference for clinical medical staff. Methods We systematically searched UpToDate，BMJ Best Practice，National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence，Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network，Guidelines International Network，US National Guideline Clearinghouse，Registered Nurses Association of Ontario，American Society of Intensive Care Medicine，European Society of Intensive，Medlive guide，Cochrane Library，PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，SinoMed，CNKI，VIP database， Wangfang database about Clinical decisions，guidelines，best evidences，systematic reviews，expert consensus related to the extubation period for adult patients with tracheal intubation，the retrieval period was from the date of inception to March，2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures and extracted data. Results 16 articles were included，with 5 clinical decisions，10 guidelines，and a systematic review. A total of 28 best evidences were collected from 6 subthemes and 3 themes，including before extubation (pre-extubation assessment，planning，readiness testing)，extubation and after extubation (monitoring，special populations，re-eating). Conclusion The best evidences summarized in this study can provide reference for medical staff to manage patients with high-risk failure of extubation and standardize the nursing during the extubation period. In clinical practice，it is necessary to combine the best evidences with specific situations，select and apply the evidences to improve patient prognosis and nursing quality.

Key words: Intensive Care Units, Tracheal Intubation, Extubation, Evidence Summary, Evidence-Based Nursing