Abstract: This paper summarized the rescue and the nursing care of a case of anterior mediastinal lymphoma complicated with severe airway obstruction and superior vena cava compression. Key nursing pointes included early identification of dyspnea caused by local compression of mediastinal lymphoma,effective intervention of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. During the operation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with continuous blood purification,the patient was closely observed,symptoms of airway obstruction were dynamically evaluated,and pressure of superior vena cava was continuously monitored. We timely observed and effectively treated hypotension,bleeding and other complications,tumor lysis syndrome such as hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia. After careful treatment and nursing,the extracorporeal membrane lung machine was successfully evacuated after 12 days of operation. The patient's condition recovered steadily on the 20th day of admission and was transferred to hematology department for further specialized treatment.

Key words: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, Lymphoma, Child, Critical Care Nursing