Abstract: To summarize the nursing experience of ECMO for a patient with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody（ANCA）associated vasculitis complicated with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. It was difficult to maintain oxygenation and the alveolar bleeding continued,so vein-vein extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was used as adjuvant therapy. The key points of nursing included infection prevention and control,prone ventilation care,precision volume management,close monitoring of clotting and bleeding,phased early mobilization,personalized psychological support. Monitoring of applicability in the early stage of anticoagulant therapy and management after anticoagulant therapy were the characteristics and focus of this case. The patient was successfully removed from ECMO on the 11th day and withdrew from mechanical ventilation 2 days later,and he was transferred out of ICU on the 30th day and discharged successfully 17 days later.

Key words: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody, Pulmonary Alveoli, Hemorrhage, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Critical Care Nursing