重症护士临床观察能力的概念分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.10.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的为解决当前概念界定模糊、缺乏统一框架的问题，分析并阐明重症护士临床观察能力的概念内涵。方法系统检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Web of Science、Embase、ProQuest、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库中与重症护士临床观察能力相关的研究，检索时限为建库至2025年9月30日，依据纳入、排除标准筛选文献，应用Rodgers演化概念分析法对纳入的34篇文献进行编码、提炼、归纳分析。结果重症护士临床观察能力包括5个概念属性：系统重症护理知识与技能、持续动态感知与信息收集、全局观与评判性思维结合、高效的沟通交互与协作、主动反思总结与研习意识，属性间彼此联系，共同构成一个从感知、判断、行动到反思的闭环过程；其前置因素包括个体、组织以及环境与任务因素，后置结果包括改善患者安全与临床结局、反哺护士专业效能与发展。结论本研究澄清了重症护士临床观察能力的概念是整合了知识、技能、思维、行为与反思等的多维度专业能力，为开发评估工具和构建结构化培训体系提供理论基础。概念分析结果受到时代与技术限制，未来仍需结合人工智能等新技术场景进一步完善和验证。

关键词: 危重症护理, 观察, 专业能力, Rodgers演化概念分析法

Abstract:

Objective This study aims to analyze and clarify the conceptual content of clinical observation competency among critical care nurses in order to address the current issues of vague conceptual definitions and the lack of a unified framework. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，Web of Science，Embase，ProQuest，CNKI，Wanfang and VIP Database for studies related to the clinical observation competence of critical care nurses. The search timeframe spanned from the establishment of each database up to 30 September 2025. The selection of literature was conducted in accordance with a predetermined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis was applied to code，extract，and synthesize the findings from the 34 included studies. Results The clinical observation competence of critical care nurses comprises five conceptual attributes：systematic critical care knowledge and skills，continuous dynamic perception and information collection，integration of holistic perspective and critical thinking，efficient communication interaction and collaboration，proactive reflection，summarization and learning awareness. These attributes are interrelated and collectively form a complete cognitive-practice process from perception and judgment to action and reflection. Antecedents include individual，organizational，and environmental and task factors，while consequences involve improved patient safety and outcomes，and enhanced professional efficiency development. Conclusion This study clarifies that the concept of clinical observation competence of critical care nurses is a multidimensional professional competency integrating knowledge，skills，thinking，behaviors，and reflection，thereby providing a theoretical foundation for developing assessment tools and constructing structured training programs. The results of this conceptual analysis are limited by the era and technology. In the future，they will need to be refined and validated further in conjunction with new technological applications，such as artificial intelligence.

Key words: Critical Care Nursing, Observation, Professional Competence, Rodgers’ Evolutionary Concept Analysis

赵麒, 金艳鸿, 杨小文, 钟丽霞, 高曦. 重症护士临床观察能力的概念分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2026, 7(10): 1266-1271.

ZHAO Qi, JIN Yanhong, YANG Xiaowen, ZHONG Lixia, GAO Xi. Clinical observation competence of critical care nurses：a concept analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2026, 7(10): 1266-1271.

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