脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性异质性情况，并分析不同剖面的影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2022年5月—2024年5月江苏省宿迁市某三级甲等医院的234例脑卒中患者。应用一般资料调查表、脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性量表、脑卒中自我效能量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表进行调查。采用潜在剖面识别功能锻炼依从性的异质性，采用多元Logistic回归分析不同剖面的影响因素。结果共纳入234例脑卒中患者，年龄为（65.37±9.28）岁，共识别出3个功能锻炼依从性潜在剖面：消极锻炼组（15.8%）、缺乏建议组（56.4%）、积极锻炼组（27.8%）。焦虑、抑郁、自我效能、病程是否大于6个月和居家辅助用具使用情况是不同潜在剖面的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性共存在3个潜在剖面，临床护理人员可通过不同剖面的患者特征给予针对性干预，以改善患者预后。

关键词: 脑卒中, 潜在剖面分析, 功能锻炼, 依从性, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the heterogeneity of adherence to functional exercise in stroke patients and to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles. Methods A convenience sampling approach was employed to recruit 234 stroke patients from Suqian Hospital of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from May 2022 to May 2024. A general information questionnaire，Questionnaire of Exercise Adherence（EAQ），Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire（SSEQ），Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale（HADS） were applied for survey. The latent profile identification was used to identify heterogeneity of functional exercise adherence，and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of different profiles. Results The study included 234 stroke patients with an average age of（65.37 ± 9.28） years，and three potential profiles of functional exercise adherence were identified：negative exercise group（15.8%），lack of advice group（56.4%），and active exercise group（27.8%）. Anxiety，depression，self-efficacy，duration of illness，and use of home aids were influential factors across potential profiles（P<0.05）. Conclusion There are a total of 3 potential profiles of functional exercise adherence in stroke patients，and clinical caregivers can give targeted interventions to improve patient prognosis according to patient characteristics of different profiles.

Key words: Stroke, Latent Profile Analysis, Functional Exercise, Adherence, Nursing Care

唐善梅, 刘秋云, 陈芳芳, 唐潮, 张驰. 脑卒中患者功能锻炼依从性的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(11): 1296-1301.

TANG Shanmei, LIU Qiuyun, CHEN Fangfang, TANG Chao, ZHANG Chi. A potential profile analysis and influencing factors of functional exercise adherence in stroke patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(11): 1296-1301.

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