经鼻高流量湿化氧疗对机械通气患者拔管后口渴感觉和口干程度的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对比分析机械通气患者拔管后经鼻高流量湿化氧疗（high-flow nasal cannula，HFNC）与常规氧气疗法（conventional oxygen therapy，COT）对其口渴感觉和口干的影响。方法应用前瞻性队列研究方法，便利选取2022年5月—2024年4月在十堰市某三级甲等医院ICU住院治疗的行机械通气的患者226例作为研究对象，根据患者拔管后氧疗方案将其分为HFNC组和COT组，应用倾向性评分匹配（propensity score matching，PSM）均衡两组患者的一般资料，对比分析两组患者的拔管后口渴程度与口干状况。结果 ①经PSM处理，HFNC与COT两组的多项指标均得以匹配均衡，均P>0.05，提高了可比性。②拔管4 h和24 h之后，与COT组比较，HFNC组的口渴程度明显减轻（P<0.05），口干程度未见明显改善（P>0.05）。③HFNC及COT患者拔管后口渴感觉和口腔干燥之间无相关性（P>0.05）。结论与COT相比，HFNC疗法可降低机械通气患者拔管后24 h内的口渴程度，但对患者口干程度的影响无差异。

关键词: 经鼻高流量湿化氧疗, 拔管, 口渴, 口干, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To compare and analyze the effects of high-flow nasal cannula（HFNC） and conventional oxygen therapy（COT） on thirst and dry mouth after extubation in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods A prospective cohort study was applied. Conveniently selected 226 patients who underwent mechanical ventilation and were hospitalized in the ICU of a tertiary Grade A hospital in Shiyan City from May 2022 to April 2024 as the study subjects. According to the oxygen therapy plan after extubation，patients were divided into HFNC group and COT group. Propensity Score Matching（PSM） was applied to balance the general information of two groups of patients. The degree of thirst and dry mouth after extubation were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results After PSM，multiple indicators were matched and balanced in both HFNC and COT groups，with improved comparability（P>0.05）. 4 and 24 hours after extubation，the degree of thirst in the HFNC group was significantly reduced compared to the COT group（P<0.05）. However，there was no significant difference in the degree of dry mouth between the two groups. There was no correlation between thirst sensation and oral dryness after extubation among HFNC and COT patients（P>0.05）. Conclusion Compared with COT，HFNC therapy can reduce the intensity of thirst in mechanical ventilation patients within 24 hours after extubation，but has no significant effect on the degree of dry mouth in patients.

Key words: High Flow Nasal Cannula, Extubation, Thirst, Dry Mouth, Nursing Care

唐琪, 杨宝义, 汪蓉. 经鼻高流量湿化氧疗对机械通气患者拔管后口渴感觉和口干程度的影响[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(11): 1292-1296.

TANG Qi, YANG Baoyi, WANG Rong. The effect of high-flow nasal cannula on thirst sensation and degree of mouth dryness after extubation in mechanically ventilated patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(11): 1292-1296.

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