从医生视角看基于案例的过度水化所致神经系统症状的临床特征与防范

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.08.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水化治疗被广泛应用于血管造影、介入治疗、部分外科手术等，是防治碘对比剂导致的急性肾损伤的基石。水化治疗价廉、简便、有效；但患者水化操作不当或医护宣教指导不规范等，均可导致过度水化，造成电解质紊乱，心脏、肾脏功能不全，甚至出现神经系统症状。本文聚焦过度水化所致神经系统症状这一易忽视的临床护理问题，从医生视角，结合病例，从现状、机制、诊断与鉴别诊断、护理、防范体系等方面进行探讨，以期提高对水化治疗风险评估意识，规范并细化健康教育内容，促进水化治疗整体质量的提升。

关键词: 水化治疗, 碘对比剂, 低钠血症, 神经系统症状, 急症护理

Abstract:

Hydration therapy is widely used in angiography，interventional procedures，and certain surgical operations，serving as the cornerstone for preventing and treating acute kidney injury induced by iodinated contrast media. It is cost-effective，simple，and efficacious. However，improper hydration practices by patients or unstandardized guidance from healthcare providers may lead to overhydration，resulting in electrolyte imbalances，cardiac or renal dysfunction，and even neurological symptoms. This article focuses on the often-overlooked clinical nursing issue of neurological symptoms caused by overhydration. From a medical perspective and with case-based analysis，it explores the current status，mechanism，diagnosis and differential diagnosis，nursing care，and preventive measures. The aim is to enhance awareness of hydration therapy risk assessment，standardize and refine health education contents，and ultimately improve the overall quality of hydration therapy.

Key words: Hydration Therapy, Iodinated Contrast Agent, Hyponatremia, Nervous System Symptoms, Emergency Nursing

司童, 周勇, 王爽. 从医生视角看基于案例的过度水化所致神经系统症状的临床特征与防范[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(8): 998-1002.

SI Tong, ZHOU Yong, WANG Shuang. Clinical characteristics and prevention of neurological symptoms induced by overhydration based on cases：from a physician’s perspective[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(8): 998-1002.

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