危重烧伤患者早期护理评估指标的构建及适用性分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的建立一个结构化的危重烧伤患者早期护理评估指标，为急诊护士及烧伤科护士提供伤情评估依据。方法基于紧急护理评估框架，运用文献研究法确定初步的评估指标条目池，以邮件方式进行2轮德尔菲专家函询，利用SPSS 26.0软件分析专家函询结果。结果 2轮专家函询问卷有效回收率均为100%，专家权威系数均为0.92。2轮函询专家意见的变异系数分别为0.063和0.016；肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.397和0.717（P<0.05），表明专家意见趋于一致。最终形成了包含7项一级指标、34项二级指标和52项三级指标的危重烧伤患者早期护理评估指标。结论该研究构建的指标具备良好的科学性、可靠性及可行性，对危重烧伤患者早期护理评估工作具有指导意义。

关键词: 危重烧伤, 早期, 护理评估, 德尔菲法, 紧急护理评估框架

Abstract:

Objective To establish a structured early nursing assessment indicators for critically burned patients and provide assessment criteria for emergency nurses and burn unit nurses. Methods Based on the guidance of emergency nursing assessment framework，preliminary evaluation index item pool was determined by literature research method，two rounds of Delphi expert inquiry were conducted via email，and the results of expert inquiry were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. Results The effective response rates of the two rounds of expert questionnaires were both 100%，and the expert authority coefficients for both rounds were 0.92. The coefficients of variation for the opinions obtained from two rounds of expert inquiries were 0.063 and 0.016 respectively，while Kendall’s harmony coefficients were 0.397 and 0.717（P<0.05），indicating a tendency towards consensus among the experts’ opinions. Finally，the early nursing assessment indicators for critically burned patients was formed，consisting of seven primary indicators，thirty-four secondary indicators，and fifty-two tertiary indicators. Conclusion The indicators constructed in this study are scientific，reliable，and feasible，providing guidance for early nursing assessment of critically burned patients.

Key words: Critical Burns, Early, Nursing Assessment, Delphi Method, Emergency Nursing Assessment Framework

熊新娟, 皮红英. 危重烧伤患者早期护理评估指标的构建及适用性分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(2): 146-152.

XIONG Xinjuan, PI Hongying. The construction and applicability analysis of early nursing assessment indicators for critically burned patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(2): 146-152.

图/表 1

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