目的 调查我国急诊科护士启动不复苏（do-not-resuscitate，DNR）知识、态度、行为现状并分析其影响因素。 方法 通过多阶段抽样，随机抽取全国18个省、自治区、直辖市36所三级甲等医院的急诊科护士进行问卷调查。 问卷包括调查对象一般资料和急诊医护人员启动不复苏知信行量表两部分构成。 结果 共回收有效问卷701份。 知识、态度、行为维度的得分分别为（42.68±6.23）分、（44.13±6.62）分、（37.45±7.31）分，总分为（124.26±17.58）分。 相关性分析结果表明，急诊科护士启动不复苏知识、态度和行为之间均存在两两相关（P＜0.05）。 多元线性回归分析结果显示，急诊工作年限是知识的影响因素；民族、急诊工作年限、聘用形式以及既往是否有不复苏沟通经历是态度的影响因素；民族、既往是否有不复苏沟通经历以及科室是否有不复苏相关制度是行为的影响因素。 结论 急诊科护士启动不复苏知识水平良好，态度和行为水平处于中等。 护理管理者和教育者应建立和完善系统的不复苏教育和培训体系，从而提高急诊科护士不复苏临床沟通实践能力。

Objective To investigate knowledge，attitude，and practice （KAP） status of initiating do-not-resuscitate （DNR） among nurses in Chinese emergency department （ED），and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted by multi-stage sampling of ED nurses in 36 tertiary Garde A hospitals in 18 provinces（municipalities and autonomous regions） across China. The questionnaire consisted of two parts：general in- formation of the respondents and the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Scale of Initiating DNR among emergency medical staff. Results A total of 701 valid questionnaires were returned. The scores of knowledge，attitude and practice dimensions were （42.68±6.23），（44.13±6.62） and （37.45±7.31），respectively，with a total score of （124.26±17.58）. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a two-by-two correlation between knowledge，attitude and practice of DNR initiation among ED nurses（P<0.05）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the years of working in ED was an influencing factor of knowledge；ethnicity，years of working in ED，employment type and previous experience of DNR communication were influencing factors of attitude；ethnicity，previous experi- ence of DNR communication and the presence of DNR-related system in the department were influencing factors of practice. Conclusion ED nurses have a good level of initiating DNR knowledge and a moderate level of attitude and practice. Nursing managers and educators should establish and improve a systematic DNR education and train- ing system so as to improve the DNR clinical communication practice of ED nurses.