To summarize the nursing experience of 18 children with severe anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （NMDAR） encephalitis. In view of the complex and diverse symptoms of the children in this group，the rapid progress of the disease，severe neurological dysfunction，feeding difficulties and other problems，the following nursing measures were implemented，including the assessment of the condition to help doctors diagnose the disease as soon as possible，early identification and management of central ventilation deficiency，rapid evaluation of the severity of epileptic persistent state and multidisciplinary management，choosing the proper way and method of enteral nutrition and maintenance of the nutrition feeding tube，phased rehabilitation nursing and whole process management of rituximab. All the patients were recovered and discharged，and their condition were stable in outpatient follow-up.