目的 初步构建儿童重症监护室（pediatric intensive care unit，PICU）安宁疗护质量评价指标体系，以期为PICU内患儿安宁疗护质量监测与管理提供依据。方法 基于Donabedian理论框架，采用文献查阅、德尔菲专家函询以及层次分析法，构建包括“结构、过程、结果”三维度的护理质量评价指标体系。结果 共经历了3轮函询，3轮问卷回收率均为100%，专家权威系数分别为0.97、0.96、0.98，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.102、0.312、0.344（P<0.01），最终构建的PICU安宁疗护质量评价指标体系包括一级指标3个、二级指标11个、三级指标40个。结论 该研究最终形成的指标体系兼具科学性与临床适用性，可作为安宁疗护质量审核的参考，为护士提供了明晰的工作框架与规范，为探讨安宁疗护干预措施的效果提供了可量化的评价标准。

Objective To initially construct a quality evaluation index system for palliative care in pediatric intensive care units（PICUs），providing a basis for monitoring and managing the quality of palliative care in PICUs. Methods Based on the Donabedian theoretical framework，a literature review，expert Delphi method，and analytic hierarchy process were used to construct a quality evaluation index system for nursing care，including specific contents in structure，process，and outcome dimensions. Results Three rounds of expert consultation were conducted，with a 100% response rate for each round. The expert authority coefficients were 0.97，0.96，and 0.98，respectively，and the Kendall’s coefficient of concordance was 0.102，0.312，and 0.344（P<0.01）. Ultimately，a quality evaluation index system for palliative care in PICUs was constructed，including 3 first-level indicators，11 second-level indicators，and 40 third-level indicators. Conclusion The index system ultimately formed in this study is both scientific and clinically applicable. It can be used as a reference for the quality review of palliative care，providing nurses with a clear working framework and norms，and offering quantifiable evaluation standards for exploring the effectiveness of palliative care intervention measures.