ICU转出重型颅脑创伤患者家属迁移应激护理方案的构建及应用效果评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的评价迁移应激护理方案在ICU转出重型颅脑创伤患者家属应对迁移应激方面的效果。方法便利选取2022年8月—2023年7月上海市某三级甲等综合医院ICU转出的符合纳入和排除标准的108名患者家属为研究对象，2023年2月—7月的54名家属为试验组，2022年8月—2023年1月的54名家属为对照组，试验组采用迁移应激护理方案，对照组采用常规护理，比较两组家属迁移应激水平、社会支持水平、应对方式、照顾能力等的差异。结果干预后，试验组家属迁移应激水平、社会支持水平、应对方式、照顾能力均优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论应用该研究构建的迁移应激护理方案有效降低了家属的迁移应激水平，改善了家属的应对方式，提高了家属的社会支持水平和照顾能力，为患者的康复创造了更为有利的家庭支持环境。

关键词: 迁移应激, ICU, 重型颅脑创伤, 家属, 社会支持, 应对方式, 照顾能力, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effects of a relocation stress nursing program on the coping relocation stress of family members of patients with severe traumatic brain injury（STBI） transferred from ICU. Methods A total of 108 family members of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were transferred out of the ICU in a tertiary general hospital in Shanghai from August 2022 to July 2023 were selected as study subjects. 54 family members from February 2023 to July 2023 were assigned to the experimental group，and 54 family members from August 2022 to January 2023 were assigned to the control group. The control group received routine care，while the experimental group received the relocation stress nursing program. Differences in relocation stress levels，social support levels，coping styles，and caregiving abilities between the two groups were compared. Results After the intervention，the experimental group showed significantly better relocation stress levels，social support levels，coping styles，and caregiving abilities compared to the control group，with statistically significant differences（P<0.001）. Conclusion The relocation stress nursing program developed in this study effectively reduced the relocation stress levels of family members，improved their coping styles，increased their social support levels and caregiving abilities，thereby creating a more favorable family support environment for patient recovery.

Key words: Relocation Stress, ICU, Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Family Members, Social Support, Coping Strategies, Caregiving Ability, Nursing Care

朱冬平, 邵鹏, 乔跃华, 王海霞, 张伟英. ICU转出重型颅脑创伤患者家属迁移应激护理方案的构建及应用效果评价[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(3): 261-267.

ZHU Dongping, SHAO Peng, QIAO Yuehua, WANG Haixia, ZHANG Weiying. Application and effect evaluation of relocation stress nursing program for family members of patients with severe traumatic brain injury transferred from ICU[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(3): 261-267.

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