ISSN 2097-6046（网络）
ISSN 2096-7446（印刷）
CN 10-1655/R
主管：中国科学技术协会
主办：中华护理学会
中华急危重症护理杂志

中华急危重症护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (8): 1000-1008.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.08.019

• 证据综合研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

院外心搏骤停第一目击者心肺复苏培训效果的系统评价再评价

郑西林(), 贾洁茹, 王钰姝, 邵艳霞, 曾冬梅*()   

  1. 陆军军医大学第一附属医院急诊医学科 重庆市 400038
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-21 出版日期:2026-08-10 发布日期:2026-08-04
  • 通讯作者: *曾冬梅，E-mail：zengdm@Tmmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郑西林：女，硕士，护师，E-mail：zhengxilin@tmmu.edu.cn
    作者贡献声明

    郑西林：确定选题、文献筛选、资料提取与质量评价、论文撰写与修改；贾洁茹：文献筛选、资料提取、论文修改；王钰姝、邵艳霞：质量评价、论文审校、论文修改：曾冬梅：论文审校、监督管理

An overview of systematic reviews on the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training for first responders to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

ZHENG Xilin(), JIA Jieru, WANG Yushu, SHAO Yanxia, ZENG Dongmei*()   

  1. Department of Emergency， the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University， Chongqing 400038， China
  • Received:2025-08-21 Online:2026-08-10 Published:2026-08-04
  • Contact: *ZENG Dongmei，E-mail：zengdm@Tmmu.edu.cn

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摘要：

目的 通过系统评价再评价综合评估院外心搏骤停第一目击者心肺复苏培训方式有效性的证据，为优化第一目击者心肺复苏培训策略提供参考。 方法 检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Wiley、中国知网、万方数据库，收集与院外心搏骤停第一目击者心肺复苏培训策略相关的系统评价。检索时间为建库至2025年1月。采用系统评价方法学质量评价工具2（Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2，AMSTAR 2）和推荐分级的评估、制订与评价（Grades of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation，GRADE）系统评价纳入文献的方法学质量和证据质量。 结果 纳入14篇系统评价，高质量10篇、中质量3篇、低质量1篇。培训效果结局指标分为4个层面：心肺复苏技能表现、心肺复苏相关知识与整体表现、学习者态度与感受和真实事件报告结局。证据质量评价结果显示共63条证据，高质量2条、中质量7条、低质量26条、极低质量28条。 结论 现有心肺复苏培训方式虽能在一定程度上提升第一目击者相关知识、技能及认知水平，但整体证据质量偏低，且缺乏对于培训效果长期性和基于真实事件的结局报告，未来需结合第一目击者人群特点和本土化环境，以更高质量的研究进一步验证不同培训方案的科学性，规范完善培训效果评价体系，强化基于真实事件的结局报告。

关键词: 院外心搏骤停, 第一目击者, 心肺复苏, 培训, 系统评价再评价

Abstract:

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the current evidence on the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR） training for first responders in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest（OHCA） through an overview of systematic reviews，thereby providing a reference for optimizing training strategies. Methods Cochrane Library，PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Wiley，CNKI，and Wanfang Database were searched to identify systematic reviews related to CPR educational strategies for first responders. The search period spanned from the inception to January 2025. The methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2（Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2），and the quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE（Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation） system. Results 14 systematic reviews were included，10 were of high quality，3 were of moderate quality，and one was of low quality. Outcomes for training effectiveness were categorized into four aspects - CPR skill performance，CPR-related knowledge and overall performance，learner attitudes and perceptions and real-world event outcomes. The evidence quality assessment involved 63 evidence bodies，2 of high-quality，7 of moderate-quality，26 of low-quality，and 28 of very low-quality. Conclusion Current CPR training methods could enhance the knowledge，skills，and awareness of first responders. However，the overall quality of the evidence remains low，and there is still a notable lack of long-term effectiveness data and real-world outcome reports. Future researches should incorporate the characteristics of first responders and localized settings to more rigorously evaluate the efficacy of different training approaches through higher-quality studies，standardize the evaluation system for training effectiveness，and strengthen the reporting of real-world outcomes.

Key words: Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest, First Responder, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Training, Overview of Systematic Review