创伤患者低体温影响因素及管理策略的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.09.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对创伤患者低体温影响因素、监测工具、监测频率与体温管理策略进行范围综述，为优化创伤患者体温管理提供参考。方法以澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所2020版范围综述方法为框架，系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库，检索时限为2016年1月1日—2024年12月27日。对创伤患者低体温影响因素、体温监测工具、监测频率与体温管理方案进行归纳。结果共纳入16篇文献，创伤患者低体温影响因素包括创伤程度、潮湿衣物覆盖、室外温度以及患者体位，耳温测量是提及最多的监测方式，测量频率波动在持续测量至每2 h测量，复温方式分为体外、体内复温。结论创伤患者体温的监测工具、监测频率与管理方案繁多，未来的研究应在多中心、大样本背景下明确不同创伤机制患者的体温最佳监测工具、频率与管理方案。

关键词: 创伤, 低体温, 体温管理, 护理, 急诊

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the factors influencing hypothermia in trauma patients，monitoring tools，monitoring frequency，and temperature management strategies，aiming to provide references for optimizing temperature management in trauma patients. Methods Following the 2020 scoping review framework of the Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI），systematic searches were conducted in PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，CNKI，Wanfang and VIP，covering the period from January 1，2016，to December 27，2024. After literature screening，the factors influencing hypothermia，temperature monitoring tools，monitoring frequency，and temperature management strategies in trauma patients were summarized. Results A total of 16 articles were included for analysis. Common influencing factors included the severity of trauma，wet clothing，ambient temperature，and patient positioning. Ear temperature measurement was the most frequently mentioned monitoring method，with measurement frequency varying from continuous monitoring to every 2 hours. Rewarming methods were categorized into external and internal rewarming. Conclusion Various temperature monitoring tools，monitoring frequencies，and management strategies exist for trauma patients. Future research should focus on determining the optimal monitoring tools，frequencies，and management strategies for different trauma mechanisms in multi-center，large-sample studies.

Key words: Trauma, Hypothermia, Temperature Management, Nursing, Emergency

金丁萍, 王飒, 王钰炜, 封秀琴, 许书荣, 闫丹萍. 创伤患者低体温影响因素及管理策略的范围综述[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(9): 1082-1088.

JIN Dingping, WANG Sa, WANG Yuwei, FENG Xiuqin, XU Shurong, YAN Danping. Factors influencing hypothermia in trauma patients and management strategies：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(9): 1082-1088.

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