突发重大传染病事件卫生系统管理政策主题聚类与演化分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2023.11.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究我国突发重大传染病事件卫生系统管理政策的主题内容和演化趋势,为制定和完善传染病卫生系统防控政策提供依据。方法设计网络爬虫路线获取国家卫生健康委员会、国务院政策文件库和北大法宝网站平台内有关突发重大传染病事件卫生系统政策文本数据,检索时间为2003年1月—2023年5月。利用隐含狄利克雷分布（Latent Dirichlet Allocation,LDA）对纳排后的数据进行主题分析,并绘制时间—强度变化曲线。结果共纳入129项政策,根据一致性测算求得文本最佳主题数为11。最终归纳为政府指挥作用、医院服务质量、信息监测预警、分级诊疗等10个热点主题。根据时间—强度曲线将其划分为热度平稳型主题、热度上升型主题、热度下降型主题和一过性主题。结论突发重大传染病事件卫生系统管理政策发布量显著增长,并随着特定传染病事件发生明显波动,在2003年与2020年出现峰值。政府在突发重大传染病事件卫生领域的引导作用不断加强,同时强调推动分级诊疗,构建政府主导的多元社会合作网络概念逐渐被放大。医疗机构更注重突发重大传染病事件的全程干预和应对体系建设,同时强调智慧医疗的改革与创新。

关键词: 突发重大传染病, LDA模型, 医院管理, 应急响应, 政策分析, 主题演化

Abstract: Objective To explore the theme and evolution trend of health system management policies for major infectious disease emergencies in China,providing a basis for formulating and improving the prevention and control policies for infectious disease health systems. Methods A web crawler route to obtain policy text data related to major infectious disease emergencies from the National Health Commission,the State Council policy document library,and the Peking University Treasure website platform was been designed. The retrieval time was from January 2003 to May 2023. Use Latent Dirichlet Allocation（LDA）to conduct thematic analysis on the included data,and draw the time intensity curve. Results A total of 129 policies were included,and the optimal number of themes in the text was 11 based on consistency calculation. Finally,it can be summarized into 10 hot topics,including government command role,hospital service quality,information monitoring and warning,and graded diagnosis and treatment. According to the time intensity curve,it is divided into heat stable themes,heat increasing themes,heat decreasing themes,and transient themes. Conclusion The release of health system policies for major infectious disease emergencies has significantly increased,and it has fluctuated significantly with the occurrence of specific infectious disease events,peaking in 2003 and 2020. The guiding role of the government in the field of health in sudden major infectious disease events is constantly strengthening,while emphasizing the promotion of graded diagnosis and treatment,and the concept of building a diversified social cooperation network led by the government is gradually being amplified. Medical institutions pay more attention to the full process intervention and response system construction of major infectious disease emergencies,and emphasize the reform and innovation of smart healthcare.

Key words: Infectious Diseases Outbreak, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Hospital Administration, Emergency Response, Policy Making, Theme Evolution

胥梓薇, 程康耀, 陈汝婕, 桂莉. 突发重大传染病事件卫生系统管理政策主题聚类与演化分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2023, 4(11): 1045-1051.

XU Ziwei, CHENG Kangyao, CHEN Rujie, GUI Li. Clustering and evolution analysis of health system management policy topics for major infectious disease emergencies[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2023, 4(11): 1045-1051.

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