Objective To retrieve，evaluate and summarize the best evidence for emergency treatment of adult patients with cardiac arrest undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation，so as to provide reference for clinical practice. Methods According to the “6S” evidence model，we searched all relevant databases and website， such as UpToDate，BMJ Best Practice，National Guideline Clearinghouse，American Heart Association，SinoMed， CNKI，Wanfang Database，Embase，PubMed，Cochrane Library，CINAHL，Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI） Evidence Based Healthcare Database，from the establishment of the database to July 10，2022. The quality of included literature was evaluated. Results A total of 12 articles were included，including 1 clinical decision，6 guidelines and 5 expert consensuses. 22 pieces of best evidence were summarized from 6 aspects，including assessment，initiation and implementation，monitoring and management，primary disease treatment，evacuation and management principles. Conclusion The best evidence for the emergency treatment of adult cardiac arrest patients with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation is scientific and clinically applicable，which could provide guidance for emergency medical staff. Clinical application should be based on hospital characteristics and patients’ specific conditions，so as to improve the quality of emergency extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.