目的 探讨重症高级实践护士（advanced practice nurse，APN）在培训期间的角色体验，了解其在能力转化及专业发展方面的期望，为促进重症APN角色转换与专业发展提供参考依据。方法 通过描述性现象学质性研究方法，采用目的抽样法于2024年11月15日—29日选取全国不同省市参与中华护理学会首届重症APN培训的15名学员作为研究对象，通过半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi现象学资料分析法对访谈内容进行整理与主题提炼。结果 共归纳出5个主题：角色认知与转换的期望；核心能力提升的期望；个体化培训的实践体验与感悟；培训对护理发展的成效及现实的挑战；专业发展所需的支持诉求。结论 该研究深入阐释了重症APN在培训期间所面临的压力、体验与发展的期望，反映了护士在角色认知、能力提高及个人专业素养方面亟待提升的迫切需求，为培训体系优化、角色定位、专业发展路径提供实证依据，为临床培训、岗位设置及政策完善提供参考。

Objective To explore the role experiences during training among advanced practice nurses（APNs） in critical care，ascertain their expectations regarding competence transformation and professional development，and provide a reference basis for promoting the role transition and professional development of critical care APNs. Methods Using a descriptive phenomenological qualitative research methodology，purposive sampling was conducted to select 15 participants from various provinces and cities across China who had completed a critical care advanced practice nurses training program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with these individuals from November 15 to 29，2024. Colaizzi’s phenomenological data analysis method was applied to organize the interview data and extract core themes. Results Five core themes were summarized as follows：Expectations regarding role cognition and transition；Expectations for core competency enhancement；Practical experiences and reflections on individualized training；Effectiveness of training in career development and its practical challenges；Support demands for professional development. Conclusion The study academically reveals the pressures，dilemmas and expectations for development encountered by critical care APNs during training and reflects their urgent needs for improvement in role cognition，competence enhancement and personal professional qualifications. It provides a reference basis for optimizing training system，role positioning，and professional development pathways，and serves as a reference for clinical training，job position design，and policy improvement.