ISSN 2097-6046（网络）
ISSN 2096-7446（印刷）
CN 10-1655/R
主管：中国科学技术协会
主办：中华护理学会
中华急危重症护理杂志

中华急危重症护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (11): 1403-1408.doi: 10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2026.11.021

• 护理技术研究 • 上一篇    

加垫减压开裆内裤的设计与应用

金润女1(), 温慧敏2, 谢淑颖1, 许莹莹1, 陆培琴1, 江晓声3, 郭佳馨4, 吴倩1, 何桂凤5,*()   

  1. 1 联勤保障部队第九一〇医院神经内科 泉州市 362000
    2 联勤保障部队第九一〇医院健康医学科 泉州市 362000
    3 联勤保障部队第九一〇医院烧伤整形科 泉州市 362000
    4 联勤保障部队第九一〇医院护理部 泉州市 362000
    5 联勤保障部队第九一〇医院放射诊断科 泉州市 362000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-11-06
  • 通讯作者: *何桂凤，E-mail：1348362459@qq.com
  • 作者简介:金润女：女，本科，副主任护师，护士长，E-mail：jrn180@163.com
    作者贡献声明

    金润女、温慧敏、谢淑颖：研究酝酿、试验设计、主导数据采集与分析、起草初稿；许莹莹、陆培琴、吴倩：协助数据采集与整理、提供技术指导；江晓声、郭佳馨、何桂凤：统计分析、对文章内容进行评判性审阅

Design and application of padded pressure-relieving open-crotch underwear

JIN Runnü1(), WEN Huimin2, XIE Shuying1, XU Yingying1, LU Peiqin1, JIANG Xiaosheng3, GUO Jiaxin4, WU Qian1, HE Guifeng5,*()   

  1. 1 Department of Neurology， the 910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force， Quanzhou 362000， China
    2 Department of Health Medicine， the 910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force， Quanzhou 362000， China
    3 Departmentof Burn and Plastic Surgery， the 910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force， Quanzhou 362000， China
    4 Nursing Department， the 910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force， Quanzhou 362000， China
    5 Department of Radiological Diagnosis， the 910th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force， Quanzhou 362000， China.
  • Received:2025-12-11 Online:2026-11-10 Published:2026-11-06
  • Contact: *HE Guifeng，E-mail：1348362459@qq.com

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摘要：

目的 设计并制作一款加垫减压开裆内裤，评价其在卧床患者预防骶尾部、髋部压力性损伤及会阴护理中的应用效果。 方法 自制加垫减压开裆内裤，其结构主要由混纺布质的开裆内裤、口袋、减压垫及魔术贴组成。选取泉州市某三级甲等医院神经内科2025年1月—11月收治的151例长期卧床患者作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法划分为试验组（76例）和对照组（75例），试验组穿戴加垫减压开裆内裤，对照组使用传统骨突处粘贴泡沫敷料进行干预。比较两组骶尾部及髋部压力性损伤、皮肤过敏、会阴部湿疹及尿管移位等不良事件发生率；比较两组放置减压垫时间、次均会阴护理时间、日均减压防护费用及患者舒适度。 结果 两组骶尾部及髋部压力性损伤发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；试验组在局部皮肤过敏、会阴湿疹、尿管牵拉及移位的不良事件发生率低于对照组（0与30.7%、3.9%与16.0%、1.3%与10.7%，均P<0.05）；试验组放置减压垫时间、次均会阴护理时间短于对照组[（32.39±8.40） s与（89.49±8.39） s、（106.62±14.00） s与（180.83±11.59） s，均P<0.001]，试验组日均减压防护费用低于对照组（Z=-10.607，P<0.001），试验组舒适度优于对照组（χ2=23.294，P<0.001）。 结论 加垫减压开裆内裤制作简单，减压防护效果良好，会阴部护理方便，可降低皮肤过敏、会阴部湿疹等不良事件发生率，患者舒适度高，耗材成本低。

关键词: 压力性损伤, 减压垫, 内裤, 开裆裤, 护理用具

Abstract:

Objective To design and develop a pressure-relieving padded open-crotch underwear，and to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing sacrococcygeal and hip pressure injuries and facilitating perineal care in bedridden patients. Methods The self-designed undergarment was primarily composed of blended fabric featuring an open-crotch structure，pockets，pressure-relieving pads，and hook-and-loop fasteners. A total of 151 long-term bedridden patients admitted to the Department of Neurology at a tertiary Grade-A hospital in Quanzhou City from January to November 2025 were selected as the study subjects. Using a random number table，patients were allocated into an experimental group（n=76） and a control group（n=75）. The experimental group received the intervention by wearing the padded pressure-relieving open-crotch undergarment，while the control group received standard care involving the application of foam dressings over bony prominences. Outcomes compared between the two groups included the incidence of adverse events such as sacral and hip pressure injuries，skin allergies，perineal eczema，and urinary catheter displacement；duration of positioning for pressure relief；time spent on single-instance perineal care；average daily cost of pressure injury prevention；and patient comfort levels. Results No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of sacral and hip pressure injuries between the two groups（P>0.05）. The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower incidences of local skin allergy，perineal eczema，and urinary catheter traction/displacement compared to the control group（0.0% vs. 30.7%，3.9% vs. 16.0%，and 1.3% vs. 10.7%，respectively；all P<0.05）. Furthermore，the experimental group had significantly shorter durations for positioning pressure-relief pads and single-instance perineal care than the control group[（32.39 ± 8.40） s vs. （89.49±8.39） s，and（106.62±14.00） s vs.（180.83±11.59） s，respectively；both P<0.001]. The average daily cost of pressure injury prevention was also significantly lower in the experimental group（Z=-10.607，P<0.001），and patient comfort was significantly superior（χ2=23.294，P<0.001）. Conclusion The pressure-reducing padded open-crotch underwear is simple to produce，providing effective pressure reduction，facilitating perineal care，reducing the incidence of adverse events such as skin allergy and perineal eczema，and offering higher patient comfort with lower material cost.

Key words: Pressure Injury, Pressure-Reducing Pad, Underwear, Open-Crotch Pants, Nursing Supplies