目的 比较3种不同长度的外周静脉导管用于肥胖合并代谢综合征手术患者采血的效果。方法 采用定点连续抽样法，选取2023年4月—6月浙江省某三级甲等综合医院的住院患者作为研究对象。采用简单随机分组法将患者分为3组，试验组1经迷你中长导管采血，试验组2经中等长度导管采血，对照组经外周静脉留置针采血。比较3种导管采血总成功率、首次采血失败生存分析、首次采血成功率、标本合格率、导管相关并发症发生率。结果 共纳入162例患者，每组54例。试验组1、试验组2和对照组的采血总成功率分别为53.70%、88.89%、31.48%，两两比较结果显示，试验组1和试验组2、试验组2和对照组比较，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.017），试验组1和对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.017）；试验组1、试验组2和对照组导管相关并发症总发生率分别为33.33%、14.81%、40.74%，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），两两比较结果显示，试验组2和对照组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.017），试验组1和试验组2、试验组1和对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.017）。关于发生首次采血失败的时间，试验组1和对照组分别为4.00（3.36，4.64）、3.00（2.25，3.75） d，3组比较，差异具有统计学意义（Log-Rank，P<0.001）。结论 3种外周静脉导管均可用于肥胖合并代谢综合征患者首次采血，其中经中等长度导管采血发生首次采血失败的时间晚、采血总成功率较高，导管相关并发症总发生率低。

Objective To compare the effects of three different lengths of peripheral venous catheters for blood collection in surgical patients with obesity combined with metabolic syndrome. Methods The inpatients of a tertiary general hospital in Zhejiang Province from April 2023 to June 2023 were selected as the study subjects using the fixed-point consecutive sampling method. The patients were divided into three groups by simple randomized controlled method，with blood collection via a mini-midline catheter in experimental group 1，via midline catheter in experimental group 2，and peripheral venous indwelling needle in the control group. The overall success rate of blood collection，survival analysis of first blood collection failure，success rate of first blood collection，specimen qualification rate，and incidence of catheter-related complications were compared among the three groups. Results A total of 162 patients were included，with 54 patients in each group. The total success rates of blood collection in experimental group 1，experimental group 2 and control group were 53.70%，88.89%，and 31.48%，respectively. The results of two-by-two comparisons showed that the differences were statistically significant（P<0.017） when comparing experimental group 1 and experimental group 2，experimental group 2 and control group. The differences were not statistically significant（P>0.017） when comparing experimental group 1 and the control group. The total rates of catheter-related complications in experimental group 1，experimental group 2 and control group were 33.33%，14.81%，and 40.74%，respectively，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. A two-by-two comparison of the results showed that the difference between the experimental group 2 and control group was statistically significant（P<0.017） and there was no statistically significant difference comparing the experimental group 1 and experimental group 2，and experimental group 1 and control group（P>0.017）. Regarding the time of he first blood collection failure，it was 4.00（3.36，4.64） and 3.00（2.25，3.75） d for experimental group 1 and control group，respectively，and the difference was statistically significant when comparing the three groups（Log Rank，P<0.001）. Conclusion The three peripheral venous catheters can be used for the first blood collection in patients with obesity combined with metabolic syndrome. When collecting blood via a midline catheter，the time of first blood collection failure is later，the overall success rate of blood collection is higher，and overall incidence of catheter-related complications is lower.