目的 调查ICU清醒患者住院体验现状并探讨其影响因素。方法 采用患者一般资料调查表和ICU清醒患者住院体验调查表,对湖北省内7所医院ICU符合纳入标准的292例住院患者展开调查,描述ICU清醒患者住院体验现状并进行多元线性回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果 回收有效问卷292份,有效回收率98.6%。住院体验实际感受得分前3位的条目分别为“医务人员的专业水平让我信任”（4.86±0.42）分、“医务人员语言亲切礼貌、着装整洁规范”（4.85±0.43）分、“病房内空气清新无异味”（4.81±0.54）分;后3位的条目分别为“医务人员经常和我沟通我的病情与治疗方案,让我与亲属共同参与治疗决策”（3.42±0.90）分、“医务人员主动告诉我家人治疗费用及报销的相关信息,我觉得很安心”（3.46±1.01）分、“休息和睡眠得到良好保护”（3.67±0.87）分。多元线性回归分析显示,ICU住院天数在14 d以上、亲属可酌情进入床边探视是影响ICU清醒患者住院体验的影响因素（R2=0.128,F=3.676,P<0.001）。结论 ICU清醒患者对ICU医护人员的服务态度、专业水平以及ICU内的部分环境体验较好,但在医患沟通、参与决策、经济压力以及亲属陪伴方面体验相对较差;ICU住院天数、亲属探视方式是ICU清醒患者住院体验的影响因素,提示可从优化ICU探视方式、合理缩短ICU停留时间着手,优化患者的住院体验。
Objective To investigate the current situation of hospitalization experience of ICU awake patients and explore the influencing factors. Methods Using Patient General Data Survey Form and Hospitalization Experience of Awake ICU Patients,292 awake ICU patients who met the inclusion criteria in 7 hospitals in Hubei Province were investigated. The current situation of hospitalization experience among awake ICU patients was analyzed,and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors. Results 292 valid questionnaires were received,with an effective response rate was 98.6%. The top three items in the actual experience of hospitalization experience were：“The professional level of medical staff”（4.86±0.42） points,“Medical staff‘s friendly and polite language,clean and standardized dressing”（4.85±0.43） points,“Fresh air in the ward”（4.81±0.54） points. The last three items were：“Medical staff often communicate with me about my condition and treatment,and allow me and my families involved in treatment decision”（3.42±0.90） points,“Medical staff actively tell my family about the treatment expenses and reimbursement information,and I feel very comfortable”（3.46±1.01） points,“Rest and sleep is well protected”（3.67±0.87） points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that length of stay more than 14 days and bedside visit of relatives were the factors affecting the hospitalization experience in the ICU awake patients（R2=0.128,F=3.676,P<0.001）. Conclusion ICU awake patients had good experience of medica staff‘s service attitude,professional level,and some parts of environments in ICU,but relatively poor experience of doctor-patient communication,participation in decision-making,financial pressure,and family companionship. The length of ICU stay and relative visit mode are the influencing factors of the hospitalization experience of ICU awake patients. It is suggested that we can optimize hospitalization experience from optimizing the way of visiting,reasonably shortening the ICU stay length.
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