运动康复是根据疾病特点和患儿自身功能状况，依据力学原理进行主被动运动以改善身体功能，提高身体素质的治疗性运动。 先天性心脏病患儿的运动耐力及心肺功能都低于正常儿童，且术后会出现不同程度的下降。 运动康复能够安全、有效地促进快速康复， 增强患儿心肺功能，提高运动耐力，改善生活质量并促进快速康复。 但运动耐力评价指标、 个体化运动处方、患儿院外支持系统及随访管理仍有待进一步研究和完善。该文就运动康复对先天性心脏病术后患儿的意义、影响因素、实施过程等进行综述，以期为临床实践提供参考依据。

Exercise rehabilitation is tailored to the characteristics of the disease and the child’s functional status， it involves carrying out active and passive exercise guided by mechanical principles，to improve physical function and fitness. The exercise tolerance and cardiopulmonary function of children with congenital heart disease are lower than those of normal children，and there will be varying degrees of decline after surgery. Exercise rehabilitation is a safe and effective way to promote rapid recovery. This article reviews the implementation process and influencing factors of exercise rehabilitation in children with congenital heart disease，and the exercise rehabilitation can enhance the cardiopulmonary function，improve exercise endurance，improve the quality of life and promote rapid recovery. But the evaluation indicators of exercise tolerance，individualized exercise prescription，out-of-hospital support system and follow-up management of children still need to be further studied and improved.