目的 探讨早期抗阻训练对重症患者呼吸机脱机成功的影响，为重症患者的早期康复提供参考。 方法 便利选取2019年1月-2020年1月入住北京市某三级甲等医院呼吸内科重症监护室且接受机械通气的64例患者为研究对象，随机分为试验组和对照组各32例。试验组应用早期抗阻训练方案，对照组接受常规护理。比较干预后两组脱机成功率、脱机效能及活动能力的差异。 结果 实施早期抗阻训练后，试验组脱机成功率高于对照组（90.63% 与65.63%，P=0.015）；呼吸机使用时长[（10.80±2.20）d与（14.00±3.50）d，P=0.028］、并发症发生率（43.75%与68.75%，P=0.014）低于对照组；试验组脱机后第1天及第3天的活动能力均优于对照组（P<0.001）。 结论 早期抗阻训练可提高重症患者的脱机成功率及脱机效能，改善重症患者活动水平，促进其病情康复。

Objective To investigate the effects of early resistance training on the success rate of ventilator weaning，off-line efficiency and activity ability in patients with severe respiratory diseases，and to provide guidance for the early rehabilitation of patients with severe respiratory diseases. Methods We selected 64 patients who were admitted to Intensive Care Unit of Respiratory Department of our hospital and received mechanical ventilation from January 2019 to January 2020 as study subjects，and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 32 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing，and the experimental group received early resistance weaning training program led by nurses. The differences of offline success rate，offline efficiency and activity ability after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results After the early resistance off-line training，the success rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group （90.63% vs. 65.63%，P=0.015），the duration of ventilator use was significantly lower than that of the control group [（10.80±2.20） d vs.（14.00±3.50） d，P=0.028］，and the incidence of complications was lower（43.75% vs. 68.75%，P=0.014）. The activity ability of experimental group on day 1 and day 3 after offline was significantly better than that of control group（P<0.001）. Conclusion Early resistance off-line training can improve the success rate and off-line efficiency of severe patients，improve the activity level of patients，and promote their disease rehabilitation.