总结20例极早发炎症性肠病患儿疾病活动期的护理。针对该组患儿发病年龄早、疾病因素影响生长发育、透壁性炎性病变易穿透肠壁形成瘘管、评估药物是否应答时肠道准备难度大、因终身性疾病家长心理压力大等问题,采取早期营养管理,改善疾病预后;规范应用生物制剂,警惕过敏性休克发生;瘘管形成与肛周病变的护理,促进瘘口愈合;完善肠道准备,协助评估治疗效果;做好出院指导和随访,提高治疗依从性等护理措施。经积极对症治疗和护理,本组患儿均好转出院。
To summarize the nursing care of 20 children with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）during the active period. In response to the specific situations of patients,including the early onset of IBD,negative consequences of IBD on growth and development,the penetration of inflammatory lesions and the formation of fistulas,the difficulty of intestinal preparation when evaluating the drug response,and the high level of psychological pressure of family members due to life-long duration of IBD,the nursing measures were taken. Early nutritional management was adopted to improve the prognosis of the disease. Standardized application of biological agents and prevention of anaphylactic shock were conducted. Skin care was strengthened when fistula formed,intestinal preparation was improved to evaluate the treatment effects. The nurses also completed the health guidance and follow-up to improve treatment compliance. After active symptomatic treatment and nursing,all the children were improved and discharged.
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