儿科重症监护病房安宁疗护研究热点及发展趋势的可视化分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.2096-7446.2025.12.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析儿科重症监护病房安宁疗护领域的研究热点和发展动向，旨在为中国开展本土化儿童安宁疗护提供参考。方法以PubMed和Web of Science为数据来源库，检索建库至2025年4月26日发表的有关儿科重症监护病房安宁疗护研究文献，利用CiteSpace.v.6.4.R1软件绘制关键词共现、聚类、突现词图谱；同时，检索中国知网、维普、万方三大中文数据库，获取中国相关研究发文情况。结果共纳入符合标准的外文文献502篇，年发文量呈显著上升趋势，2024年达峰值（55篇）；获得中文文献42篇，最高年发文量6篇。国外该领域的研究热点主要聚焦于医护人员与患儿家属在撤销生命维持治疗决策中的伦理冲突与道德困境、临终患儿的疾病特征与症状管理、医护人员的职业压力及干预策略，当前研究趋势正转向临终患儿的家庭持续照顾。结论国际儿科重症监护病房安宁疗护研究热度持续攀升，研究维度涵盖伦理决策、症状控制、从业者心理支持及家属哀伤辅导等核心主题，可为构建中国文化特色的儿童安宁疗护模式提供理论借鉴与实践参考。

关键词: 儿科重症监护病房, 安宁疗护, 可视化分析, CiteSpace

Abstract:

Objective To analyze research hotspots and development trends in the field of palliative care for pediatric intensive care units abroad，aiming to inform the development of culturally tailored pediatric palliative care models in China. Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science for literature on palliative care in pediatric critical care units published from database inception to April 26，2025. CiteSpace version 6.4.R1 was employed to visualize keyword co-occurrence networks，thematic clusters，and emerging terms. Additionally，relevant research publications in China were identified by searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI），VIP Database（VIP），and Wanfang Data（Wanfang）. Results A total of 502 eligible articles was identified，with a marked upward trend in annual publications peaking at 55 articles in 2024. And 42 Chinese documents were obtained，with the highest annual publication volume reaching 6. International research prioritized on ethical conflicts and moral dilemmas between healthcare providers and families regarding withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments，disease-specific symptom management and end-of-life care for critically ill children，occupational stress and interventions for palliative care teams. The current research trend is shifting towards the continuous family care of terminally ill children. Conclusion Global research on palliative care in pediatric critical care units is intensifying，encompassing ethical decision-making，symptom control，practitioner psychological support，and family grief counseling. These findings offer critical theoretical and practical insights for establishing culturally appropriate pediatric palliative care pathways in China.

Key words: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Palliative Care, Visual Analysis, CiteSpace

贺叶梅, 胡亚喧, 刘秀梅, 廖诗怡, 陈偶英. 儿科重症监护病房安宁疗护研究热点及发展趋势的可视化分析[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2025, 6(12): 1503-1509.

HE Yemei, HU Yaxuan, LIU Xiumei, LIAO Shiyi, CHEN Ouying. Visual analysis of research hotspots and development trends in palliative care for pediatric intensive care units[J]. Chinese Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, 2025, 6(12): 1503-1509.

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